Figure 6.

Oxidative stress modulation contributes to decrease in LHON cells’ autophagic activity and apoptotic death

(A–D) After treatment with reduced idebenone (IDEB.) (10 μM for 3 h), fibroblasts (A and B) and iNeurons (C and D) were harvested and immunoblotted for the autophagic marker LC3 and against apoptotic markers PARP and CAS3.

(E and F) Measurements of mitochondrial ROS production (E) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (F) were studied in IDEB.-treated 11778 fibroblasts.

(G–J) The same idebenone treatment was repeated in cybrids, where autophagy (G), apoptosis (H), ROS production (I), and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (J) were detected.

Data are presented as means ± SEM. n = at least 3 independent experiments for western blots or 5 visual fields per at least 3 independent samples per condition for fluorescent microscopy experiments. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.