TABLE 1.
Intervention, outcomes, and effect size for included studies
| Author/Study year | Study design | Intervention | Preventive/Therapeutic | Delirium outcome | Effect size | Sample size | Delirium raters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al‐Aama, T/2010 37 | RCT | Melatonin versus placebo | Preventative | Incidence defined using CAM and MDAS | OR 0.19 (95% CI 0.06, 0.62) | 122 | Nurses and Caregivers |
| Bjorkelund, K/2010 38 | Cohort | Multi‐factorial | Preventative | Incidence defined using OBS | RR 0.37 (95% CI 0.22, 0.61) | 263 | The researchers |
| Herrman, N/2020 a , 39 | Cohort | FNB | Preventative | Delirium diagnosis | 18.4% versus 15.1% (p = 0.56) | 308 | NA |
| LeBlanc, P/2016 a , 40 | Case control | Femoral nerve block (FNB) | Preventative | Incidence | 38.5% versus 23.1% (p = 0.4) | 29 | NA |
| Mok, W/2017 a , 41 | Cohort | Multi‐factorial | Preventative | Incidence defined using CAM | 10.1% versus “Reported Control” 48% | 494 | NA |
| Naughton, B/2005 42 | Cohort | Multi‐factorial | Preventative | Prevalence (delirium/total number of patients screened) defined using CAM. |
Baseline 45/110 4 months 35/154 9 months 21/110 |
374 | Nurses |
| Noel, C/2019 43 | Case Control | Foley catheter exposure | Therapeutic | Duration incidence defined using bCAM and CAM‐ICU | OR 3.1 (95%CI 1.3, 7.4) | 331 | Trained research assistants |
| Schrijver, E/2018 44 | RCT | Haloperidol versus Placebo | Preventative | Incidence defined DOSS and DRS‐R | OR 1.43 (95% CI 0.72, 2.78) | 242 | Research team members |
| Sun, H/2019 a , 45 | Cohort | Non‐pharmacological | Preventative | Delirium diagnosis | 40.1% pre‐ versus 34.3% post intervention (no raw number) | NA | Charge nurse |
| Yip, D/2019 a , 46 | Cohort | Fascia illiaca block (FIB) | Preventative | Drug induced delirium | 23% versus 26% (p = 0.58) | 282 | NA |
Abbreviations: bCAM, brief confusion assessment method; CAM, confusion assessment method; CAM‐ICU, CAM for the intensive care unit; DOSS, delirium outcome and severity scale; DRS‐R, delirium rating scale‐ revised; MDAS, memorial delirium assessment scale; OBS, organic brain syndrome scale; RCT, randomized controlled trial.
a
Abstract only.