TABLE 2.
Effect of DIY RT‐CGM on fear of hypoglycemia and glycemic outcomes compared to isCGM (n = 50)
| HFS c (parent) | isCGM a | DIY RT‐CGM b mean ± SD | Mean Difference (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Six weeks | Baseline | Six weeks | |||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p value | ||
| Behavior subscale | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | −0.1 (−0.2:0.1) | 0.440 |
| Worry subscale | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | −0.1(−0.3:0.1) | 0.387 |
| Total score | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | −0.1 (−0.3:0.1) | 0.354 |
| HFS c (child) | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Behavior subscale | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | −0.0 (−0.2:0.2) | 0.729 |
| Worry subscale | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 0.1 (−0.1:0.3) | 0.232 |
| Total score | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 0.1 (−0.1:0.2) | 0.477 |
| Glycaemic outcomes | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean difference (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % time in target 3.9–10 mmol/L (70–180 mg/dl) | 47.2 ± 16.4 | 48.1 ± 13.6 | 46.7 ± 15.7 | 54.3 ± 13.7 | 5.7 (1.8:9.6) | 0.004 |
| % time spent <3.9 mmol/L (<70 mg/dl) d | 3.3 (1.9,7.0) | 4.0 (2.0, 7.0) | 4.0 (2.0, 7.0) | 3.0 (1.2, 4.0) | −20.0% (−38.0%:3.0%) | 0.083 |
| % time spent <3 mmol/L (<54 mg/dl) d | 1.0 (0.1, 2.5) | 1.0 (0, 2.0) | 1.0 (0.1, 3.0) | 0.4 (0.2, 1.0) | −14.0% (−30.0%: 6.0%) | 0.158 |
| % time spent >10 mmol/L (>180 mg/dl) | 47.7 ± 18.2 | 46.8 ± 15.7 | 48.4 ± 16.8 | 41.4 ± 15.1 | −4.6 (−9.3:‐0.0) | 0.047 |
| % time spent >13.9 mmol/L (>250 mg/dl) | 22.3 ± 15.6 | 21.4 ± 13.0 | 22.8 ± 14.8 | 15.7 ± 9.8 | −6.7 (−10.3:‐3.1) | 0.001 |
| Mean glucose, mmol/L | 10.2 ± 1.9 | 10.2 ± 1.6 | 10.2 ± 1.6 | 9.8 ± 1.1 | −0.49 (−0.93, −0.04) | 0.032 |
| %CV | 41.0 ± 6.9 | 42.6 ± 7.0 | 40.1 ± 6.0 | 38.8 ± 5.5 | −3.2 (−5.5, −0.9) | 0.007 |
Note: Glycemic data from 14‐day xDrip+/Tidepool extractions. Only one family used Tomato app but final data extraction was done through Tidepool.
a
isCGM intermittently scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring.
b
DIY RT‐CGM Do‐It‐Yourself Real‐Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring.
c
Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS); higher scores reflect higher levels of tendency to avoid or worry about hypoglycemia.
d
Data are presented as median (range). Differences are presented as percentage difference due to transformation of skewed data.