TABLE 1.

Overview of the data variables in the MASTREE+ data set. A more detailed description of the variables is included in Appendix 5

Variable	Description
Alpha_Number	Unique code associated with each original source of data, that is, the publication, report or thesis containing extracted data, or the previously unpublished data set included in MASTREE+
Segment	Temporal segment of a time‐series containing gaps (note that years with no observations are not recorded). Individual time‐series can consist of multiple segments
Site_number	Code to differentiate multiple sites from the same original source (Alpha_Number/Study_ID)
Variable_number	Code to differentiate multiple measures of reproductive output from the same species‐site combination (e.g. where seeds and cones were recorded separately)
Year	Year of observation
Species	Species identifier, standardised to The Plant List nomenclature. ‘spp.’ is used to indicate a record identified to the genus level only. ‘MIXED’ indicates a non‐species‐specific community‐level estimate of annual reproductive effort
Species_code	Six‐character species identifier
Mono_Poly	Monocarpic (semelparous) or Polycarpic (iteroparous) species
Value	The measured value of annual reproductive output
VarType	Continuous or ordinal data. Continuous time‐series are recorded on a continuous scale. Ordinal series are recorded on an ordered categorical scale. All ordinal series are rescaled to start at 1 (lowest reproductive effort) and to contain only integer values
Unit	The unit of measurement, where VarType is continuous
Max_Value	The maximum value in a time‐series
Variable	Categorical classification of the measured variable. Options limited to: cone, flower, fruit, seed, pollen, total reproduction organs
Collection_method	Classification of the method used to measure reproductive effort. Options are limited to: cone count, cone scar count, flower count, fruit count, fruit scar sound, seed count, seed trap, pollen count, lake sediment pollen count, harvest record, visual crop assessment, other quantification, dendrochronological reconstruction
Latitude	Latitude of the record, in decimal degrees
Longitude	Longitude of the record, in decimal degrees
Coordinate_flag	A flag to indicate the precision of the latitude and longitude. A = coordinates provided in the original source B = coordinates estimated by the compiler based on a map or other location information provided in the original source C = coordinates estimated by the compiler as the approximate centre point of the smallest clearly defined geographical unit provided in the original source (e.g. county, state, island), and potentially of low precision
Site	A site name or description, based on information in the original source
Country	The country where the observation was recorded
Elevation	The elevation of the sample site in metres above sea level, where provided in the original source
Spatial_unit	Categorical classification of spatial scale represented by the record, estimated by the compiler based on information provided in the original source. stand = <100 ha patch = 100–10,000 ha region = 10,000–1,000,000 ha super‐region = >1,000,000 ha
No_individuals	Either the number of monitored individual plants, or the number of litter traps. NA indicates no information in the original source, and 9999 indicates that while the number of monitored individuals was not specified, the source indicated to the compiler that the sample size was likely ≥10 individuals or litter traps
Start	The first year of observations for the complete time‐series, including all segments
End	The final year of observations for the complete time‐series, including all segments
Length	The number of years of observations. Note that may not be equal to the number of years between the Start and End of the time‐series, due to gaps in the time‐series.
Reference	Identification for the original source of the data, see Appendix 4 for the complete list of references
Record_type	Categorisation of the original source. Peer‐reviewed = extracted from peer reviewed literature Grey = extracted from grey literature Unpublished = unpublished data
ID_enterer	Identification of the original compiler of the data. AHP, Andrew Hacket‐Pain; ES, Eliane Schermer; JVM, Jose Moris; XTT, Tingting Xue; TC, Thomas Caignard; DV, Davide Vecchio; DA, Davide Ascoli; IP, Ian Pearse; JL, Jalene LaMontagne; JVD, Joep van Dormolen
Date_entry	Date of data entry into MASTREE+ in the format yyyy‐mm‐dd
Note on data location	Notes on the location of the data within the original source, such as page or figure number
Comments	Additional comments
Study_ID	Unique code associated with each source of data. M_ = series extracted from published literature; A_ = series incorporated from Ascoli et al. (2020), Ascoli, Maringer, et al. (2017) and Ascoli, Vacchiano, et al. (2017); PLK_ = series incorporated from Pearse et al. (2017); D_ = unpublished data sets