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Klotho deficiency associates with multiple age-related diseases. As outlined in the captions, depressed Klotho levels are linked to hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney diseases, multiple cardiovascular conditions, neurodegenerative diseases, several types of cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, COPD, bone disease and diabetes (reduced β-cell mass in the pancreas). References are listed in Table 1. Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
