Table 2.

Operation-related factors.

Characteristic	Before propensity score matching					After propensity score matching
	Laparoscopy(n = 60)	Hybrid (n = 70)	p	Open (n = 151)	p	Laparoscopy(n = 47)	Hybrid (n = 47)	p	Laparoscopy(n = 34)	Open (n = 34)	p
Operation time, min	229.25 ± 8.27	228.01 ± 8.80	0.920	200.48 ± 4.68	0.002	232.53 ± 10.01	218.94 ± 44.16	0.375	229.09 ± 10.94	192.24 ± 9.49	0.013
Intraoperative blood loss, ml	150.00 (100.00–300.00)	200.00 (100.00–400.00)	0.036	200.00 (150.00–400.00)	<0.001	150.00 (100.00–300.00)	200.00 (100.00–400.00)	0.290	100.00 (50.00–300.00)	200.00 (150.00–400.00)	0.021
Intraoperative transfusion, %			0.139		0.038			0.180			1.000
Yes	7 (11.67)	15 (21.43)		37 (24.50)		6 (12.77)	11 (23.40)		5 (14.71)	5 (14.71)
No	53 (88.33)	55 (78.57)		114 (75.50)		41 (87.23)	36 (76.60)		29 (85.29)	29 (85.29)
Initial defecation time, days	3.00 (2.00–5.00)	4.00 (3.00–5.00)	0.412	4.00 (3.00–6.00)	<0.001	3.00 (2.00–5.00)	4.00 (3.00–5.00)	0.348	4.00 (2.00–6.00)	4.00 (3.00–5.00)	0.709
Postoperative hospital stay, days	8.00 (7.00–11.00)	9.00 (7.75–12.00)	0.092	9.00 (8.00–12.00)	0.005	8.00 (7.00–11.00)	10.00 (8.00–12.00)	0.095	8.00 (7.00–11.00)	9.00 (8.00–12.25)	0.052
Postoperative complications, %			0.468		0.415			0.285			0.434
Absent	45 (75.00)	48 (68.57)		94 (64.24)		36 (76.60)	32 (68.09)		28 (82.35)	25 (73.53)
Grade I	8 (13.33)	8 (11.43)		27 (17.88)		6 (12.77)	4 (8.51)		1 (2.94)	3 (8.82)
Grade II	4 (6.67)	8 (11.43)		11 (7.28)		3 (6.38)	7 (14.89)		3 (8.82)	1 (2.94)
Grade III	2 (3.33)	6 (8.57)		15 (9.93)		1 (2.13)	4 (8.51)		2 (5.88)	3 (8.82)
Grade IV	1 (1.67)	0 (0.00)		4 (2.65)		1 (2.13)	0 (0.00)		0 (0.00)	2 (5.88)

p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant and shown in bold.