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. 2022 Jul 12;15:900057. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.900057

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Copyright © 2022 Eide and Hansson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Transmission electron microscopy images of biopsy from right frontal cortex of IIH patients. (A) Expression of AQP4 was shown by immunogold labeling of AQP4 in perivascular astrocytic end-feet (EF) facing basement membrane (BM) and endothelial cells (EC); arrows indicate contact toward BM. Scale bar 500 nm. (B) Distance between mitochondria (M) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in patients with IIH, denoted mitochondria-ER-contact sites (MERCs; arrow). Shortened distance is indicative of pathology. Scale bar 1 μm (C) Post-synaptic density (PSD) length (arrow) in IIH, with pre (Pre) and post-synaptic (Post) nerve terminals. Reduced PSD length is indicative of pathology. Scale bar 500 nm.