Table 2.
Mobile device affinity and usage subscale scores among rural and urban participants.
| Rural | Urban | U | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 208) | (n = 257) | |||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | |||
| Social connectedness | 3.25 (0.84) | 3.40 (0.85) | 29,369.5 | 0.064 |
| Productivity | 3.25 (0.73) | 3.30 (0.81) | 27,829.0 | 0.440 |
| Mental well-being | 3.04 (1.12) | 3.41 (1.08) | 31,683.5 | 0.001 |
| Continuous use | 3.07 (1.12) | 3.70 (1.07) | 35,380.0 | <0.001 |
| Addiction | 2.62 (1.10) | 3.02 (1.08) | 32,312.5 | <0.001 |
| Detrimental impacts on physical health | 2.09 (1.04) | 2.71 (1.21) | 34,428.0 | <0.001 |
Note: Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to examine rural/urban differences in mobile device affinity and usage since March 2020. Although the tests compare mean ranks for these ordinal variables, means/SDs are reported for ease of interpretation.