Table 2.
Descriptive statistics pertaining to the mycotoxin occurrence across the production regions and sampling years.
| Mycotoxin | Sampling Year |
Croatian Regions | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Southern (n = 57) | Western (n = 55) | Eastern (n = 52) | Northern (n = 62) | Central (n = 24) | ||||||||||||
| n%/n | Mean ± SD (Min–Max) µg/kg |
Med | n%/n | Mean ± SD (Min–Max) µg/kg |
Med | n%/n | Mean ± SD (Min–Max) µg/kg |
Med | n%/n | Mean ± SD (Min–Max) µg/kg |
Med | n%/n | Mean ± SD (Min–Max) µg/kg |
Med | ||
| AFB1 | 2020–2021 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| OTA | 2020 | 4/1 | 2.66 ± na | na | 15/4 | 0.82 ± 0.36 (0.75–1.17) |
0.88 | 14/4 | 0.76 ± 0.66 (0.24–1.65) |
0.57 | 10/3 | 0.43 ± 0.24 | 0.29 | 27/3 | 0.97 ± 0.56 (0.61–1.61) |
0.68 |
| 2021 | 0/0 | <LOD | na | 7/2 | 2.73 ± 2.95 (0.64–4.81) |
2.73 | 8/2 | 0.78 ± 0.37 (0.51–1.04) |
0.78 | 3/1 | 0.36 ± na | na | 31/4 | 1.02 ± 1.34 (0.27–3.02) |
0.40 | |
| 2020–2021 | 2/1 | 2.66 ± na | na | 11/6 | 1.45 ± 1.67 | 0.88 | 12/6 | 0.76 ± 0.54 | 0.68 | 7/4 | 0.41 ± 0.20 | 0.33 | 29/7 | 1.00 ± 1.00 | 0.61 | |
| CIT | 2020–2021 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| STC | 2020 | 8/2 | 0.14 ± 0.03 (0.12–0.16) |
0.14 | 12/3 | 0.29 ± 0.18 (0.13–0.49) |
0.24 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 10/3 | 1.63 ± 2.00 (0.29–3.93) |
0.66 | 0/0 | <LOD | <LOD |
| 2021 | 0/0 | <LOD | <LOD | 0/0 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 3/1 | 0.10 ± na | na | 15/2 | 0.12 ± 0.01 (0.11–0.12) |
0.12 | |
| 2020–2021 | 4/2 | 0.14 ± 0.03 | 0.14 | 6/3 | 0.29 ± 0.18 |
0.24 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 7/4 | 1.25 ± 1.81 | 0.10 | 8/2 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.12 | |
| CPA | 2020 | 4/1 | 108.50 ± na | na | 12/3 | 23.57 ± 37.06 (1.25–66.35) |
3.10 | 21/6 | 11.76 ± 12,59 (3.55–36.50) |
6.18 | 7/2 | 21.23 ± 25.49 (3.20–39.25) |
21.23 | 18/2 | 6.51 ± 8.90 (0.21–12.80) |
6.51 |
| 2021 | 3/1 | 6.75 ± na | na | 21/6 | 19.98 ± 15.06 (6.25–44.70) |
17.28 | 33/8 | 54.63 ± 113.80 (4.20–335.50) |
18.60 | 13/4 | 21.59 ± 18.39 (6.10–44.25) |
18.00 | 8/1 | 5.55 ± na | na | |
| 2020–2021 | 4/2 | 57.63 ± 71.95 | 57.63 | 16/9 | 21.17 ± 22.10 | 9.90 | 27/14 | 36.25 ± 86.71 | 9.95 | 10/6 | 21.47 ± 18.25 | 18.00 | 13/3 | 6.19 ± 6.32 | 5.55 | |
LOD—limit of detection; na—not applicable; n%/n—percentage/number of samples above LOD; Med—median. OTA—ochratoxin A; AFB1—aflatoxin B1; CIT—citrinin; STC—sterigmatocystin; CPA—cyclopiazonic acid.