Skip to main content
. 2022 Jul 21;11(14):4226. doi: 10.3390/jcm11144226

Table 1.

Pre-treatment patient characteristics by group.

Variable All HWRQ Clients
(n = 301)		 Responded to HW Difficulties Question
(n = 225)		 Did Not Respond to HW Difficulties Question
(n = 76)		 Significance
n % n % n %
Age
   Mean (SD) 36.06
(12.82)		 - 36.90
(13.34)		 - 33.58
(10.81)		 - t(299) = −1.96,
p = 0.05
   Range 18–88 - 18–88 - 18–65 -
Gender
   Male 71 23.6 50 22.2 21 27.6 χ2 (1, 295) = 0.85,
p = 0.36
   Female 224 74.4 170 75.6 54 71.1
   Two spirit 3 1.0 3 1.3 - -
   Non-binary 1 0.3 1 0.4 - -
   Not listed 1 0.3 - - 1 1.3
   Prefers not to disclose 1 0.3 1 0.4 - -
Marital status
   Single/never married 77 25.6 56 24.9 21 27.6 χ2 (1, 301) = 0.31,
p = 0.86
   Married/common-law 198 65.8 150 66.7 48 63.2
   Separated/divorced/widowed 26 8.6 19 8.4 7 9.2
Education
   Less than high school 3 1.0 2 0.9 1 1.3 χ2 (1, 301) = 0.88,
p = 0.83
   High school diploma 65 21.6 46 20.4 19 25.0
   Post high school certificate/diploma 82 27.2 63 28.0 19 25.0
   University education 151 50.2 114 50.7 37 48.7
Employment status
   Employed part-time/full-time 211 70.1 157 69.8 54 71.1 χ2 (1, 301) = 7.40,
p = 0.19
   Unemployed 18 6.0 13 5.8 5 6.6
   Homemaker 27 9.0 21 9.3 6 7.9
   Student 19 6.3 17 7.6 2 2.6
   Disability 14 4.7 7 3.1 7 9.2
   Retired 12 4.0 10 4.4 2 2.6
Ethnicity
   White 276 91.7 203 90.2 73 96.1 χ2 (1, 301) = 4.03,
p = 0.13
   Indigenous 14 4.7 11 4.9 3 3.9
   Other 11 3.6 11 4.9 - -
Location
   Large city (over 200,000) 138 45.8 105 46.7 33 43.4 χ2 (1, 301) = 0.41,
p = 0.81
   Small to medium city 64 21.3 46 20.4 18 23.7
   Small rural location (under 10,000) 99 32.9 74 32.8 25 32.9
Mental health characteristics
   Taking psychotropic medications 170 56.5 120 53.3 50 65.8 χ2 (1, 301) = 36,
p = 0.05
   Pre-treatment GAD-7 ≧ 10 189 62.8 143 63.6 46 60.5 χ2 (1, 301) = 0.22,
p = 0.64
   Pre-treatment PHQ-9 ≧ 10 203 67.4 152 67.6 51 67.1 χ2 (1, 301) = 0.01,
p = 0.94
   Non clinical PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores 35 11.6 27 12.0 8 10.5 χ2 (1, 301) = 0.12,
p = 0.73
   Pre-treatment credibility Mean (SD) 21.16
(4.41)		 - 21.14
(4.41)		 - 21.20
(4.44)		 - t(299) = 0.09,
p = 0.93
Treatment Engagement
   Accessed Lesson 4 233 77.4 199 88.4 34 44.7 χ2 (1, 301) = 62.06,
p < 0.001
   Accessed Lesson 5 207 68.8 178 79.1 29 38.2 χ2 (1, 301) = 44.37,
p < 0.001
   # of log-ins
Mean (SD)		 20.5
(13.2)		 - 23.0
(13.3)		 - 13.2
(9.8)		 - t(299) = −5.88,
p < 0.001
   Days in program until last access, Mean (SD) 67.4
(38.6)		 - 74.2
(36.4)		 - 47.3
(38.4)		 - t(299) = −5.49,
p < 0.001
   # of messages sent by client, Mean (SD) 4.3
(3.8)		 - 5.1
(3.8)		 - 2.1
(2.7)		 - t(299) = −6.33,
p < 0.001
   # of phone conversations with client, Mean (SD) 1.0
(1.1)		 - 1.0
(1.1)		 - 1.2
(1.3)		 - t(299) = 1.80,
p = 0.07

Note. HWRQ = homework reflection questionnaires; HW = homework; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9.