Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the development cohort.
| Unilateral PA (n = 96) |
Bilateral PA (n = 54) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51 (44–58) | 52 (47–58) | 0.52 |
| Females | 41 (43%) | 12 (22%) | 0.01 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29 (25–32) | 30 (28–32) | 0.16 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 170 (150–180) | 160 (150–170) | 0.17 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 100 (90–110) | 97 (88–105) | 0.12 |
| 24 h systolic BP (mm Hg) | 150 (137–161) | 150 (137–163) | 0.87 |
| 24 h diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 93 (85–98) | 91 (84–97) | 0.69 |
| Duration of hypertension (years) | 9 (4–15) | 11 (6–16) | 0.41 |
| Antihypertensive medications (n) | 4 (2–5) | 4 (2–6) | 0.14 |
| Lowest serum potassium recorded (mmol/L) | 3.0 (2.8–3.3) | 3.2 (2.9–3.5) | 0.11 |
| Serum potassium (mmol/L) | 3.4 (3.1–3.7) | 3.7 (3.4–4.0) | 0.0009 |
| Serum potassium < 3.6 mmol/L | 58 (60%) | 18 (33%) | 0.002 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 126 (104–153) | 119 (100–133) | 0.11 |
| Baseline PAC (ng/L) | 291 (183–537) | 222 (141–326) | 0.002 |
| Baseline PAC ≥ 280 ng/L | 49 (51%) | 16 (30%) | 0.01 |
| Baseline PRA (ng/mL/h) | 0.32 (0.20–0.43) | 0.35 (0.25–0.53) | 0.046 |
| Baseline ARR [ng/dL/(ng/mL/h)] | 106 (51–192) | 56 (39–91) | <0.0001 |
| Baseline ARR ≥ 100 ng/dL/(ng/mL/h) | 51 (53%) | 8 (15%) | <0.0001 |
| Prevalence of adrenal nodules on CT | 68 (71%) | 8 (15%) | <0.0001 |
| PAC after PST (ng/L) | 493 (313–821) | 378 (310–516) | 0.02 |
| Increase in PAC after PST < 30% | 30 (31%) | 8 (15%) | 0.03 |
| PAC after SIT (ng/L) | 180 (121–348) | 115 (81–163) | <0.0001 |
| PAC after SIT ≥ 165 ng/L | 58 (60%) | 13 (24%) | <0.0001 |
Values are shown as medians (interquartile range) or absolute values (percentages). ARR—aldosterone-to-renin ratio; BP—blood pressure; eGFR—estimated glomerular filtration rate = 194 × (SCr)−1.094 × (Age)−0.287; ×0.739 if female; CT—computed tomography; PA—primary aldosteronism; PAC—plasma aldosterone concentration; PRA—plasma renin activity; PST—postural stimulation test; SIT—saline infusion test.