Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients
| All | OSA | Non-OSA | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male/female, n) | 105 (65/40) | 56 (27/15) | 49 (28/13) | 0.347 |
| Age (year) | 7 (6–7) | 7(6–7) | 7 (6–8) | 0.882 |
| Course of snoring (months) | 19 (16–22) | 27(22–31) | 10 (8–13) | < 0.001** |
| Course of mouth breathing (months) | 15 (12–18) | 19 (14–23) | 10 (7–13) | 0.001** |
| Course of choking (months) | 8 (6–11) | 13 (9–18) | 2 (1–3) | < 0.001** |
| Father’s education level (n) | 0.241 | |||
| 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
| 2 | 7 | 3 | 4 | |
| 3 | 31 | 20 | 11 | |
| 4 | 30 | 14 | 16 | |
| 5 | 32 | 16 | 16 | |
| 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Maternal education level (n) | 0.586 | |||
| 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
| 2 | 9 | 4 | 5 | |
| 3 | 30 | 19 | 11 | |
| 4 | 31 | 13 | 18 | |
| 5 | 26 | 14 | 12 | |
| 6 | 5 | 3 | 2 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.2 (16.5–17.8) | 17.4 (16.5–18.2) | 16.9 (15.9–17.9) | 0.266 |
| A/N ratio | 0.67 ± 0.10 | 0.70 ± 0.10 | 0.62 ± 0.08 | < 0.001** |
| Tonsil size (n) | < 0.001** | |||
| 1 | 19 | 5 | 14 | |
| 2 | 48 | 23 | 25 | |
| 3 | 38 | 28 | 10 | |
| AHI | 4.9 (2.9–6.8) | 8.0 (4.5–11.4) | 1.3 (1.2–1.6) | < 0.001** |
| OAI | 3.6 (1.7–5.5) | 3.4 (0.8–5.9) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | < 0.001** |
| OAHI | 1.9 (0.5–3.2) | 6.3 (2.9–9.8) | 0.4 (0.3–0.4) | < 0.001** |
| Minimum SaO2 | 88.7 (87.8–89.6) | 87.5 (86.0–88.9) | 90.1 (89.4–90.8) | 0.001** |
| RAI | 0.97 (0.51–1.4) | 1.70 (0.87–2.54) | 0.13 (0.10–0.17) | < 0.001 |
| VIQ | 101.21 ± 12.21 | 98.68 ± 12.87 | 104.10 ± 10.81 | 0.022* |
| PIQ | 99.00 ± 11.90 | 96.41 ± 12.52 | 101.96 ± 10.51 | 0.016* |
| FIQ | 96.92 ± 13.13 | 94.95 ± 13.70 | 99.18 ± 12.19 | 0.099 |
The education level:1: completed primary school; 2: completed part secondary education; 3: completed secondary education; 4: completed postsecondary training; 5: completed an undergraduate university degree; 6: completed a postgraduate university degree. BMI Body mass index, A/N Adenoidal hypertrophy/ nasopharyngeal cavity, AHI Apnea–hypopnea index, OAI Obstructive apnea index, OAHI The obstructive apnea–hypopnea index, SaO2 Arterial oxygen saturation, RAI Respiratory arousal index, VIQ Verbal IQ, PIQ Performance IQ, FIQ Full-Scale IQ. Tonsil size: Grade 0, tonsils restricted into the tonsil fossae; Grade 1, tonsils sitting just outside of the tonsillar fossa and occupying ≤ 25% of the area between the tonsillar pillars; Grade 2, tonsils seen in the airway and occupying 25-50% of the area between the pillars; Grade 3, tonsils occupying 50-75% of the area between the pillars; and grade 4, tonsils occupying > 75% of the area between the pillars. **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05