Figure 4.

Cd transport activity assay of PcNRAMP1 in yeast. (A) The growth status of yeast mutant strain ∆ycf1 defective in Cd uptake cells in which either empty vector or PcNRAMP1 was transformed. The yeast cells diluted with OD₆₀₀ nm of 1−0.001 were cultured in the plate with either glucose or galactose under either 0 (−Cd) or 30 (+Cd) μM CdCl₂ for 4 days. (B) The cell growth dynamics under Cd exposure in 72 h. (C) The concentration of Cd in yeast cells. Bars indicate means ± SE (n = 4). Different letters on the bars indicate significant differences. p-value of the one-way ANOVA of genotypes (G) is also indicated. *: p < 0.05.