ADC	antibody-drug conjugate
ADCC	antibody-dependent cytotoxicity
APRIL	A proliferation-inducing ligand
BCMA	B cell maturation antigen
BM	bone marrow
BMME	bone marrow microenvironment
Breg	regulatory B cell
BsAb	bispecific antibody
CAR	chimeric antigen receptor
CR	complete response
CRAB	hypercalcemia (C), renal failure (R), anemia (A), bone lesions (B)
CRS	cytokine release syndrome
CTL	cytotoxic T lymphocytes
CTLA-4	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
DC	dendritic cell
EMD	extra-medullary disease
FDA	food and drug administration
FOXP3	forkhead box P3
GC	germinal center
GvHD	graft-versus-host-disease
HLA	human leukocyte antigen
ICAM-1	intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1
IDO	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
IFN	Interferon
Ig	immunoglobulin
IL	interleukin
IMiDs	immunomulatory drugs
LAG-3	lymphocyte-activation gene 3
mAb	monoclonal antibody
MDSC	myeloid-derived suppressor cells
MGUS	monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
MHC	major histocompatibility complex
MM	multiple myeloma
MMAF	monomethyl auristatin F
mOS	median overall survival
MRD	minimal residual disease
MSC	mesenchymal stromal cell
NDMM	newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
NGS	next-generation sequencing
NO	nitric oxide
NR	not reported
NTE	not transplant eligible
ORR	overall response rate
PD-1	programmed cell death protein 1
PD-L1/2	programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1/2
PGE2	prostaglandin E2
PI	proteasome inhibitor
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RRMM	relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
sFLC	serum free light chain
SMM	smouldering multiple myeloma
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TACI	transmembrane activator, and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor
TAM	tumor-associated macrophage
TAM	tumor-associated macrophage
TE	transplant eligible
TGF-β	transforming growth factor beta
Th	T helper cell
TIGIT	T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain
TIM-3	T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3
Treg	regulatory T cell
TRL4	toll-like receptor 4
VCAM-1	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
VGPR	very good partial response