Table 8.
Classification of side effects according to their relationship to plasma clozapine or norclozapine levels, based on current evidence.
| System | Side Effect | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive Correlation with Plasma Clozapine Levels | No Significant Correlation with Plasma Clozapine Levels | Controversial | |
| Nervous system | Εlectroencephalographic abnormalities, EEG slowing | Seizures, sedation | |
| Impaired cognitive performance (incl. memory problems and lack of concentration) | |||
| Extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia | |||
| Psychiatric | Obsessive-compulsive symptoms | ||
| Depression/anxiety factor score (incl. difficulty in concentrating, tension, difficulty remembering things, depression, restlessness, difficulty getting to sleep) | |||
| Cardiovascular | Heart rate variability | QTc prolongation | Myocarditis, pericarditis |
| Μyocardial function | |||
| Sudden death | |||
| Autonomic Dysregulation | Body temperature dysregulation | Hypertension | Orthostatic hypotension |
| Τachycardia | |||
| Metabolic | Hyperinsulinemia, C-peptide | Weight gain | |
| Hyperlipidemia | Hyperglycemia | ||
| Endocrine | Inverse correlation with fT3 | Hyperprolactinemia | |
| Gastrointestinal | Paralytic ileus, constipation, colonic hypomotilityElevation of serum liver enzymes | Sialorrhea, drooling | |
| Geniturinary | Enuresis | Sexual disturbances | |
| Other | Elevation of IgM anticardiolipin antibodies |