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. 2022 Jul 21;23(14):8038. doi: 10.3390/ijms23148038

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are derived from either he embryonic ectoderm (neural crest) or the mesoderm. MSCs can migrate along nerves and vessels during development and reside in virtually all post-natal organs and tissues. Along the nerves, MSCs are also known as non-myelinating precursor Schwann cells. Their location around vessels to form perivascular immune privileged niches has been demonstrated by several teams. MSC express several canonical markers which are differentially expressed in all major organs. CD271, GFAP, and MPZ are canonical neuroglial markers.