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. 2022 Jul 11;11(14):2165. doi: 10.3390/cells11142165

Table 1.

Stem-cell therapies in multiple sclerosis.

Applied Cells First Author Reference Patients (n) MS Type (n) Age Females (n) EDSS (before Treatment) Follow-Up Duration (Months) Outcome (Beneficial Effects) ****, %
PPMS RRMS SPMS
HSC (auto) Burt 17 52 52 35.6 ** 34 3.4 ** 33.6 ** 93
Gale 46 426 ND 47 * 281 ND ND ND
Moore 45 35 20 15 37 * 24 6 * 36 * 37
Ruiz-Arguelles 44 617 130 259 228 46 * 401 5.5 * 3–42 18
Ruiz-Arguelles 43 286 62 110 114 47 * 194 5 * 3 ** 16
Atkins 42 24 12 12 34 * 14 4.9 ** 80.4 ** 71
Mancardi 41 9 2 7 36 * 5 6.5 * 48 ** 100
Nash 40 25 25 37.3 ** 17 4.4 ** 46.5 ** 69
Berard 38 23 12 11 32.65 ** 14 4.87 ** 36 ** ND
Walker 39 7 7 37.4 ** ND 4.64 ** 24 ** ND
Shevchenko 37 95 15 45 35 34.5 ** 59 3.5 * 46 ** 100
Hamerschlak 36 41 4 4 33 42 ** 24 6.5 * 36 ** 59
Burt 35 21 21 33 ** 11 3.1 ** 37 * 100
Capello 34 21 4 17 36 * ND 6.5 * ND 95
Saccardi 33 19 4 15 36 * 12 6.5 * 36 * 95
Saiz 32 14 5 9 30 * 12 6 * 36 * 86
Burt 31 21 6 1 14 38.9 ** 10 6.4 ** 26 ** 62
Espigado 29 22 Progressive MS (ND) ND ND ND 10 * 77
Nash 30 26 8 1 17 41 * 12 7 * 28 * 77
Mancardi 28 10 10 37.1 ** 5 6.5 * 15 * 60
Saiz 27 5 2 3 33.6 ** 4 6.5 * 18 * 60
Fassas 26 24 8 16 40 * 12 6 * 40 * 75
Kozak 25 11 11 35.7 ** 9 6.7 ** 8.5 * 91
Fassas 24 15 8 7 37 * 7 6 * 6 * 93
MSC (auto) Uccelli 62 144 17 94 33 39 ** 87 4 * 5.6 *** 87
Petrou 61 48 7 41 47.63 ** 21 5.6 ** 12 *** 35
Sahraian 60 4 1 3 28 ** 1 4.25 ** 24 *** 75
Cohen 57 25 11 14 46.4 ** 17 6 * 6 *** 72
Fernandez 65 19 19 46 ** 13 7.5 * 12 *** 100
Harris 59 20 4 16 49 ** 14 6.8 ** 6 *** 40
Dahbour 58 10 2 8 34.9 ** 4 5.1 ** 12 *** 60
Harris 56 6 2 4 42.7 ** 4 7.3 ** 88.8 ** 100
Stepien 64 20 13 7 38 ** 8 5 * 18 *** 100
Llufriu 55 9 9 36.8 ** 7 3.5 * 13 * 89
Bonab 54 25 2 23 37.7 ** 19 6.1 ** 12 *** 16
Connick 53 10 10 48.8 ** 3 6.1 ** 18 *** ND
Hammadi 63 50 Progressive MS (ND) 44 ** 25 7 12 *** 48
Karussis 52 15 Progressive MS (ND) 35.3 ** 8 6.7 ** 6–25 100
Yamout 51 10 1 9 38.5 ** 6 4-7.5 12 *** 70
Bonab 50 10 2 8 33 ** 77 3.5–6 19 ** 60
MSC (allo) Roirdan 68 20 4 15 1 41.15 ** 12 5.23 ** 12 *** 100
Li 66 13 RRMS/SPMS (ND) 41.7 ** 9 6.98 ** 12 *** ND
Lublin 67 16 10 6 48 * 11 4.8 ** 12 *** 94
Peptide-loaded tolerogenic
dendritic cells (auto)
Zubizarreta 9 8 3 1 4 49.25 ** 4 5.9 ** 3 *** 100

MS = multiple sclerosis; PPMS = primary progressive MS; RRMS = relapsing–remitting MS; SPMS = secondary progressive MS; EDSS = expanded disability status scale; HSC = hematopoietic stem cell; MSC = mesenchymal stem cell; auto = autologous; allo = allogeneic; * = median; ** = mean; *** = predefined follow-up duration; **** = improvement in or stability of EDSS scores during follow-up; ND = no data.