Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies (n = 46).
| Ref. | First Author | Year | Title | Type of Study | Multicentre/Single Centre | Country/Ies | Study Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [14] | Abdollahzadeh P, et al. | 2017 | Association Between Human Papillomavirus and Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder | Case/control study | Single | Iran | 2008–2011 |
| [15] | Aggarwal S, et al. | 2009 | Koilocytosis: correlations with high-risk HPV and its comparison on tissue sections and cytology, urothelial carcinoma | Retrospective observational study | Single | India | - |
| [16] | Alexander RE, et al. | 2012 | p16 expression is not associated with human papillomavirus in urinary bladder squamous cell carcinoma | Retrospective observational study | Single | USA | 1992–2011 |
| [17] | Alexander RE, et al. | 2013 | Human papillomavirus is not an etiologic agent of urothelial inverted papillomas | Retrospective observational study | Multi | USA Spain Italy France |
1985–2005 |
| [18] | Alexander RE, et al. | 2014 | The expression patterns of p53 and p16 and an analysis of a possible role of HPV in primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder | Retrospective observational study | Multi | USA Spain Italy France |
- |
| [19] | Badawi H, et al. | 2008 | Role of human papillomavirus types 16, 18, and 52 in recurrent cystitis and urinary bladder cancer among Egyptian patients | Case/control study | Single | Egypt | 2001–2006 |
| [20] | Barghi MR, et al. | 2005 | Correlation between human papillomavirus infection and bladder transitional cell carcinoma | Case/control study | Single | Iran | 1999–2002 |
| [21] | Ben Selma W, et al. | 2010 | Investigation of human papillomavirus in bladder cancer in a series of Tunisian patients | Observational study | Single | Tunisia | 2003–2004 |
| [22] | Berrada N, et al. | 2013 | Human papillomavirus detection in Moroccan patients with bladder cancer | Prospective study | Single | Morocco | - |
| [23] | Chan KW, et al. | 1997 | Prevalence of six types of human papillomavirus in inverted papilloma and papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: an evaluation by polymerase chain reaction | Retrospective observational study | Single | China | 1987–1994 |
| [24] | Chapman-Fredricks JR, et al. | 2013 | High-risk human papillomavirus DNA detected in primary squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder | Retrospective observational study | Single | USA | - |
| [25] | Collins K, et al. | 2020 | Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus in primary squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder | Retrospective observational study | Single | Texas | 2009–2019 |
| [26] | Cooper K, et al. | 1997 | Human papillomavirus and schistosomiasis associated bladder cancer | Retrospective observational study | Single | South Africa | - |
| [27] | De Gaetani C, et al. | 1999 | Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in urinary bladder carcinoma by in situ hybridisation | Retrospective observational study | Single | Italy | 1995–1997 |
| [28] | Fioriti D, et al. | 2003 | Urothelial bladder carcinoma and viral infections: different association with human polyomaviruses and papillomaviruses | Comparative study | Single | Italy | - |
| [29] | Gazzaniga P, et al. | 1998 | Prevalence of papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus type 2 in urinary bladder cancer | Retrospective observational study | Single | Italy | - |
| [30] | Golovina DA, et al. | 2016 | Loss of Cell Differentiation in HPV-Associated Bladder Cancer | Retrospective observational study | Single | Russia | - |
| [31] | Gopalkrishna V, et al. | 1995 | Detection of human papillomavirus DNA sequences in cancer of the urinary bladder by in situ hybridisation and polymerase chain reaction | Retrospective observational study | Single | India | - |
| [32] | Gould VE, et al. | 2010 | Human papillomavirus and p16 expression in inverted papillomas of the urinary bladder | Case/control study | Single | USA | - |
| [33] | Helal Tel A, et al. | 2006 | Human papilloma virus and p53 expression in bladder cancer in Egypt: relationship to schistosomiasis and clinicopathologic factors | Observational study | Single | Egypt | - |
| [34] | Javanmard B, et al. | 2019 | Human Papilloma Virus DNA in Tumor Tissue and Urine in Different Stage of Bladder Cancer | Retrospective observational study | Single | Iran | 2014–2016 |
| [35] | Kamel D, et al. | 1995 | Human papillomavirus DNA and abnormal p53 expression in carcinoma of the urinary bladder | Retrospective observational study | Single | Finland | 1987–1992 |
| [36] | Kim KH, et al. | 1995 | Analysis of p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations and human papillomavirus infection in human bladder cancers | Retrospective observational study | Single | Korea | - |
| [37] | Kim SH, et al. | 2014 | Detection of human papillomavirus infection and p16 immunohistochemistry expression in bladder cancer with squamous differentiation | Case/control study | Single | Korea | 2001–2011 |
| [38] | LaRue H, et al. | 1995 | Human papillomavirus in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder | Retrospective observational study | Single | Canada | - |
| [39] | Llewellyn MA, et al. | 2018 | Defining the frequency of human papillomavirus and polyomavirus infection in urothelial bladder tumours | Retrospective observational study | Single | UK | 2005–2011 |
| [40] | Lopez-Beltran A, et al. | 1996a | Human papillomavirus DNA as a factor determining the survival of bladder cancer patients | Retrospective observational study | Single | Spain | - |
| [41] | López-Beltrán A, et al. | 1996b | Human papillomavirus infection and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization | Observational study | Single | Spain | - |
| [42] | Mete UK, et al. | 2018 | Human Papillomavirus in Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder: An Indian study | Case/control study | Single | India | - |
| [43] | Moghadam SO, et al. | 2020 | Association of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection with oncological outcomes in urothelial bladder cancer | Prospective study | Single | Iran | - |
| [44] | Musangile FY, et al. | 2021 | Detection of HPV infection in urothelial carcinoma using RNAscope: Clinicopathological characterization | Retrospective observational study | Single | Japan | 2013–2019 |
| [45] | Pichler R, et al. | 2015 | Low prevalence of HPV detection and genotyping in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using single-step PCR followed by reverse line blot | Prospective study | Single | Austria | - |
| [46] | Samarska IV, et al. | 2019 | Condyloma Acuminatum of Urinary Bladder: Relation to Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Observational study | Single | * | - |
| [47] | Sarier M, et al. | 2019 | Is There any Association between Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder and Human Papillomavirus? A Case-Control Study | Case/control study | Single | Turkey | Jan–Dec 2018 |
| [48] | Schmid SC, et al. | 2015 | Human papilloma virus is not detectable in samples of urothelial bladder cancer in a central European population: a prospective translational study | Prospective study | Single | Germany | - |
| [49] | Shaker OG, et al. | 2013 | Is there a correlation between HPV and urinary bladder carcinoma? | Case/control study | Single | Egypt | - |
| [50] | Shigehara K, et al. | 2011 | Etiologic role of human papillomavirus infection in bladder carcinoma | Case/control study | Single | Japan | 1997–2009 |
| [51] | Shigehara K, et al. | 2013 | Etiological correlation of human papillomavirus infection in the development of female bladder tumor | Prospective study | Single | Japan | 1996–2010 |
| [52] | Simoneau M, et al. | 1999 | Low frequency of human papillomavirus infection in initial papillary bladder tumors | Retrospective observational study | Single | Canada | 1990–1992 |
| [53] | Steinestel J, et al. | 2013 | Overexpression of p16INK4a in Urothelial Carcinoma In Situ Is a Marker for MAPK-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition but Is Not Related to Human Papillomavirus Infection | Case/control study | Single | Germany | 2001–2011 |
| [54] | Tekin MI, et al. | 1999 | Human papillomavirus associated with bladder carcinoma? Analysis by polymerase chain reaction | Case/control study | Single | Turkey | - |
| [55] | Tenti P, et al. | 1996 | p53 overexpression and human papillomavirus infection in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: correlation with histological parameters | Retrospective observational study | Single | Italy | - |
| [56] | Westenend PJ, et al. | 2001 | Human papillomaviruses 6/11, 16/18 and 31/33/51 are not associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder | Retrospective observational study | Single | Netherlands | - |
| [57] | Yan Y, et al. | 2021 | Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Integration Status in Tissue Samples of Bladder Cancer in the Chinese Population | Retrospective observational study | Single | China | 2015–2019 |
| [58] | Yavuzer D, et al. | 2011 | Role of human papillomavirus in the development of urothelial carcinoma | Retrospective observational study | Single | Turkey | - |
| [59] | Youshya S, et al. | 2005 | Does human papillomavirus play a role in the development of bladder transitional cell carcinoma? A comparison of PCR and immunohistochemical analysis | Retrospective observational study | Single | England | - |
* not specified.