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. 2022 Jul 3;11(7):756. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11070756

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Synthetic biology-inspired approaches to modify AAV vector tropism. Antibodies can be coupled to AAV capsids via a covalent interaction between a HUH tag in the AAV capsid protein and the antibody, which is enabled through an oligonucleotide bridge (HUH-AAV) [32]. Non-covalent interactions can also be harnessed, for instance, by using an Fc-binding Z34C domain integrated into the AAV capsid (AAV-Z34C) [135] or a bispecific antibody that recognizes a conformational epitope [136] or a tag inserted into the AAV capsid (F(ab)2-AAV) [137]. Other molecules such as nanobodies (Nb) inserted into the GH2/GH3 loop of VP1 [29] or DARPins integrated into the same loop [30], fused to the VP2 N-terminus [138,139] or covalently linked [140] can also be used to efficiently retarget AAV vectors. This figure contains free clipart from https://smart.servier.com/ (accessed on 1 April 2022).