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. 2022 Jul 15;11(14):4106. doi: 10.3390/jcm11144106

Table 2.

General and local risk factors.

GENERAL RISK FACTORS

  • Gender [8]

  • Age [6]

  • Poor protein diet [6]

  • Calcium and phosphorus deficit [8]

  • Lack of vitamin D [7]

  • Osteoporosis [8]

  • Diabetes [7]

  • Low muscular mass

  • Alcohol [8]

  • Smoking [6]

  • Drugs (NSAIDS, opioid) [6]

  • Infection [7,8]

  • Radiation therapy [6]

  • Neuropathies

  • Genetic disorders (osteogenesis imperfecta)

LOCAL RISK FACTORS

  • Fracture type [7,8]

  • Mechanism of injury [7,8]

  • Exposure [6,7]

  • Biological damage during the first surgery [6,8]

  • Surgical techniques during fracture synthesis [7,8]