. 2022 Jul 3;10(7):1346. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10071346

Table 4.

Mean bacterial populations (Log CFU mL⁻¹) of three donors in pH-controlled miniature fecal batch cultures supplemented with cranberry preparative HPLC fraction 2 (cranberry extract 2) at 0, 24 and 48 h.

Probe	Time (h)	Negative Control	Inulin	Cranberry Extract 2
EUB	0	7.25 (0.50) ^a	7.25 (0.47) ^a	7.25 (0.40) ^a
	24	7.33 (0.61) ^a	7.73 (0.22) ^a*	7.55 (0.41) ^a
	48	7.06 (0.42) ^a	7.69 (0.18) ^ab	7.35 (0.20) ^ab
BIF	0	5.91 (0.85) ^a	5.88 (0.85) ^a	5.87 (0.67) ^a
	24	6.01 (1.01) ^a	7.03 (0.59) ^a	6.28 (0.47) ^a
	48	5.86 (0.76) ^a	7.32 (0.26) ^c*	5.93 (0.22) ^ab
LAB	0	4.99 (0.51) ^a	4.95 (0.34) ^a	4.76 (0.73) ^a
	24	5.30 (0.72) ^a	5.94 (0.21) ^a*	5.57 (0.61) ^a
	48	5.06 (0.85) ^a	5.90 (0.38) ^a*	5.65 (0.28) ^a
BAC	0	5.85 (0.16) ^a	5.87 (0.20) ^a	5.81 (0.34) ^a
	24	6.35 (0.43) ^a	6.40 (0.39) ^a	6.28 (0.55) ^a
	48	5.92 (0.46) ^a	6.21 (0.26) ^a	5.98 (0.41) ^a
EREC	0	6.84 (0.45) ^a	6.82 (0.47) ^a	6.85 (0.33) ^a
	24	6.69 (0.47) ^a	7.00 (0.22) ^a	6.98 (0.64) ^a
	48	6.02 (0.57) ^a	6.56 (0.20) ^ab	6.81 (0.22) ^ab
RREC	0	6.07 (0.47) ^a	6.17 (0.50) ^a	5.91 (0.50) ^a
	24	5.86 (0.63) ^a	6.59 (0.25) ^a	6.11 (0.81) ^a
	48	5.10 (0.94) ^a	5.95 (0.41) ^a	5.96 (0.43) ^a
ATO	0	5.37 (0.33) ^a	5.42 (0.35) ^a	5.38 (0.54) ^a
	24	5.91 (0.64) ^a	6.21 (0.46) ^a	5.48 (0.81) ^a
	48	5.64 (0.23) ^a	6.02 (0.54) ^a	5.56 (0.44) ^a
PRO	0	5.56 (0.55) ^a	5.67 (0.41) ^a	5.62 (0.59) ^a
	24	6.04 (0.89) ^a	6.18 (0.38) ^a	5.91 (0.68) ^a
	48	5.56 (0.45) ^a	5.97 (0.47) ^a	5.78 (0.47) ^a
FPRAU	0	6.54 (0.60) ^a	6.57 (0.49) ^a	6.61 (0.43) ^a
	24	6.38 (0.86) ^a	6.90 (0.40) ^a	7.00 (0.14) ^a
	48	5.85 (0.99) ^a	6.82 (0.39) ^a	6.70 (0.54) ^a
DSV	0	6.27 (0.54) ^a	6.30 (0.37) ^a	6.37 (0.41) ^a
	24	5.87 (0.84) ^a	6.04 (0.37) ^a	5.65 (1.01) ^a
	48	5.22 (0.65) ^a	6.11 (0.41) ^ab	5.49 (0.37) ^ab
CHIS	0	4.86 (0.72) ^a	4.61 (0.71) ^a	4.41 (0.93) ^a
	24	5.02 (1.00) ^a	5.40 (0.45) ^a	5.91 (0.31) ^a±
	48	4.87 (0.94) ^a	5.73 (0.57) ^a	5.74 (0.45) ^a±

Standard deviation is shown in parentheses (n = 3). Significant differences (p < 0.05) among substrates are indicated with different letters in a same row. * Significant differences from 0 h, p ≤ 0.05; ^± non-significant trend, p ≤ 0.1.