. 2022 Jul 3;10(7):1346. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10071346

Table 5.

SCFA production in pH-controlled miniature fecal batch cultures supplemented with cranberry pomace or cranberry preparative HPLC fraction 2 (extract 2) at 0, 24 and 48 h.

		Negative Control		Inulin		Cranberry Pomace		Cranberry Extract 2
SCFA	Time	Negative Control		Inulin		Cranberry Pomace		Cranberry Extract 2
Acetate	t0	10.55	(3.29)	12.62	(3.15)	7.67	(1.57)	4.49	(0.82)
	t24	8.98	(1.38)	21.93	(2.12) ^a	19.57	(2.64) ^±	18.15	(1.78) ^±
	t48	14.23	(0.87)	20.11	(2.14) ^a	20.73	(2.58) ^±	17.12	(1.27) ^±
Propionate	t0	3.37	(3.29)	2.92	(3.15)	1.62	(1.57)	0.76	(0.82)
	t24	2.31	(1.38)	5.76	(2.12)	7.53	(2.64) ^b	7.73	(1.78) *^a
	t48	4.27	(0.87)	6.43	(2.14)	8.41	(2.58) ^±	9.40	(1.27) *^a
Butyrate	t0	3.90	(2.54)	3.39	(2.17)	2.34	(1.02)	0.36	(0.62)
	t24	4.54	(3.96)	26.23	(15.58) ^±	18.39	(3.55) *^a	17.01	(6.51) *^a
	t48	6.52	(4.69)	25.97	(12.47) ^±	22.57	(3.02) **	15.31	(9.29) ^±
Valerate	t0	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)
	t24	2.62	(3.43)	0.00	(0.00)	2.70	(2.53)	0.00	(0.00)
	t48	2.88	(2.96)	0.47	(0.81)	4.52	(0.91) *	0.00	(0.00)
Isobutyrate	t0	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)
	t24	2.26	(1.32) ^±	0.00	(0.00) ^a	1.26	(2.18)	1.21	(2.10)
	t48	2.12	(1.68)	0.95	(1.64)	1.72	(2.98)	1.79	(2.46)
Isovalerate	t0	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)	0.00	(0.00)
	t24	2.74	(0.85) *	0.00	(0.00) ^a	1.09	(1.89)	1.17	(1.30)
	t48	2.25	(1.04)	0.00	(0.00)	2.47	(1.58) *	0.85	(1.48)

Short chain fatty acid concentrations (mM) during fermentations. Standard deviation is shown in parentheses (n = 3). Significant differences to control at same time point denoted by ^a (p < 0.05), ^b p < 0.01). * Significant differences from value of same substrate at 0 h, p ≤ 0.05; ** significant differences from value 0 h p < 0.01; ^± non-significant trend, p ≤ 0.1.