AD	atopic dermatitis
AhR	aryl hydrocarbon receptor
ARE	antioxidant response element
BAFFR	B-cell activating factor receptor
BDDI	E/Z-2-benzylidene-5,6-dimethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-indan-1-one
CD	cluster of differentiation
COL1A1	collagen type 1 alpha chain
COX-1 and -2	cyclooxygenases-1 and −2
CYP1A	cytochrome P450 1A
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
DNMT	DNA methyltransferase
Dp	aerodynamic diameter
DPE	diesel particulate extract
ECM	extracellular matrix
EVs	extracellular vesicles
HaCaT	immortalized human keratinocytes
IL	interleukin
LC3	light chain 3
LTβR	lymphotoxin β receptor
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MMP	matrix metalloproteases
NAC	N-acetylcysteine
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NOX	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
O3	ozone
PAH	polyaromatic hydrocarbons
PM	particulate matter
pRB	phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein
PRRs	pattern-recognition receptors
RANK	receptor activator of NF-κB
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SAHF	senescence-associated heterochromatin foci
SA-β-Gal	senescence-associated β-Galactosidase
SASP	senescence-associated secretory phenotype
tBHP	tert-butyl hydroperoxide
TCR	T-cell receptor
TET1	DNA demethylase 1
TGF	transforming growth factor
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor alpha
TNFR	tumor necrosis factor receptor
UV	ultraviolet
WHO	world health organization