Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study patients.
| Variable | Total (n = 280) |
|---|---|
| Age (y) | 56.74 ± 8.27 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.11 ± 3.07 |
| Height (cm) | 166.35 ± 7.86 |
| Body weight (kg) | 69.59 ± 10.54 |
| Comorbidities (n, %) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 39 (13.9) |
| Arrhythmia | 41 (14.6) |
| Hypertension | 165 (59.0) |
| Hyperlipemia | 80 (28.6) |
| Cardiac insufficiency | 21 (7.5) |
| Diabetic mellitus | 83 (29.6) |
| Thyroid dysfunction | 16 (5.7) |
| Noncardiogenic chest pain | 77 (27.5) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 24 (8.6) |
| Medications (n, %) | |
| Aspirin | 241 (86.1) |
| Antiplatelet agents (Ticagrelor or Clopidogrel) |
210 (75) |
| Statins | 212 (75.7) |
| ACEI or ARB | 96 (34.3) |
| CCB | 84 (30.0) |
| β-blocker | 171 (61.1) |
| Nitrates | 31 (11.1) |
| Anti-arrhythmia agent | 17 (6.1) |
| Hypoglycemic drugs or insulin | 23 (8.2) |
| CPET | |
| VO2@AT (L/min) | 0.79 (0.69, 0.93) |
| VO2@peak (L/min) | 1.24 (1.01, 1.47) |
| VO2kg@AT (mL/min/kg) | 11.60 (10.70, 13.10) |
| VO2kg@peak (mL/min/kg) | 18.20 (15.80, 20.90) |
| RER@peak | 1.18 (1.09, 1.24) |
| VO2@AT/VO2prediction (%) | 43.3 (38.2, 50.9) |
| VO2@peak/VO2prediction (%) | 67.5 (59.6, 77.2) |
Baseline data of subjects. Normal distributed continuous parameters, including age, BMI, height and body weight, were expressed as mean ± SD. Non-normal distributed CPET parameters were expressed as median and interquartile. Categorical variables, including comorbidities and medications, were presented by frequency and percentile. BMI—body mass index, ACEI—angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB—angiotensin receptor blockers, CCB—calcium entry blockers, CPET—cardiopulmonary exercise testing.