Table 3.
Dietary intake of FA in milligrams per day based on three-day weighed food records.
| Characteristics | Vegans (n = 36) | Omnivores (n = 36) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFA | ||||
| C4:0 | Butyric acid | 10 (2–67) | 1449 (970–2009) | <0.0001 a |
| C6:0 | Capronic acid | 15 (3–60) | 822 (553–1252) | <0.0001 a |
| C8:0 | Caprylic acid | 73 (25–185) | 674 (490–823) | <0.0001 a |
| C10:0 | Capric acid | 76 (44–174) | 1223 (894–1654) | <0.0001 a |
| C12:0 | Lauric acid | 351 (190–1099) | 2010 (1455–2894) | <0.0001 a |
| C14:0 | Myristic acid | 388 (233–808) | 4936 (3573–6599) | <0.0001 a |
| C15:0 | Pentadecanoic acid | 20 (13–32) | 481 (348–636) | <0.0001 a |
| C16:0 | Palmitic acid | 8743 (6126–10,558) | 20,326 (17,336–26,618) | <0.0001 a |
| C17:0 | Heptadecanoic acid | 56 (42–73) | 386 (278–477) | <0.0001 a |
| C18:0 | Stearic acid | 3169 (2400–4221) | 9331 (7112–11,437) | <0.0001 a |
| C20:0 | Arachidic acid | 240 (167–332) | 305 (234–411) | 0.05 |
| C22:0 | Beheric acid | 126 (82–189) | 74 (43–129) | 0.004 |
| C24:0 | Lignoceric acid | 45 (28–66) | 35 (24–55) | 0.17 |
| Sum SFA | 16,140 (10,646–22,269) | 42,949 (34,439–54,641) | <0.0001 a | |
| MUFA | ||||
| C14:1 | Myristoleic acid | 5.6 (1.6–23) | 534 (416–716) | <0.0001 a |
| C15:1 | Pentadecenoic acid | 1.1 (0.0–6.2) | 185 (136–312) | <0.0001 a |
| C16:1n7c | Palmitoleic acid | 518 (346–677) | 1888 (1489–2622) | <0.0001 a |
| C17:1 | Heptadecenoic acid | 11 (7- 18) | 278 (225–433) | <0.0001 a |
| C18:1n9c | Oleic acid | 26,703 (20,020–34,096) | 32,540 (27,286–43,532) | 0.005 |
| C20:1 | Eicosenic acid | 454 (269–656) | 443 (255–914) | 0.64 |
| C22:1 | Eruric acid | 72 (33–219) | 81 (30–365) | 0.42 |
| C24:1 | Nervonic acid | 13 (3–19) | 4.1 (1.2–12) | 0.08 |
| Sum MUFA | 28,394 (21,877–36,385) | 35,950 (30,772–48,656) | 0.001 a | |
| Omega-3 PUFA | ||||
| C18:3n3 | α-linolenic acid (ALA) | 2855 (1938–4970) | 1481 (1222–2483) | 0.0002 a |
| C18:4n3 | Stearidonic acid | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 1.2 (0.0–6.0) | <0.0001 a |
| C20:3 | Eicosatrienic acid | 1.1 (0.0–5.9) | 26 (11–47) | <0.0001 a |
| C20:5n3 | Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) | 0.8 (0.1–2.9) | 41 (26–186) | <0.0001 a |
| C22:6n3 | Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 7.3 (2.9–23) | 126 (45–275) | <0.0001 a |
| Sum omega-3 PUFA | 2868 (1942–5019) | 1962 (1494–3410) | 0.03 | |
| Omega-6 PUFA | ||||
| C18:2n6c | Linoleic acid (LA) | 17,170 (13,108–25,354) | 11,382 (8632–16,804) | 0.003 |
| C20:2n6 | Eicosadienic acid | 7.2 (4.6–11) | 21 (12–57) | <0.0001 a |
| C20:4n6 | Arachidonic acid (AA) | 5.5 (3.6–11) | 166 (115–240) | <0.0001 a |
| C22:2n6 | Docosadienic acid | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.3) | 0.006 |
| C22:5n6 | Docosapentaenoic acid | 0.7 (0.0–6.1) | 50 (19–119) | <0.0001 a |
| Sum omega-6 PUFA | 17,187 (13,120–25,364) | 11,608 (8738–17,320) | 0.005 | |
| C19:3 | Nonadecatrienic acid | 0.0 (0.0–1.5) | 0.0 (0.0–15.0) | 0.08 |
| C22:3 | Docosatrienic acid | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.04 |
| C22:4 | Docosatetraenic acid | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.003 |
| Sum PUFA | 21,169 (17,939–28,753) | 13,557 (10,500–21,402) | 0.002 | |
Data expressed as a median and IQR in mg/d. a statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (threshold is p = 0.0013).