Figure 2.

Photocatalytic performance. a) Time course of nitrobenzene reductive homocoupling for the synthesis of azoxybenzene using gCN−OH and gCN. Reaction conditions: 10 mg photocatalyst in 2 ml 1 vol % water–dioxane solution with 8 mM reactant and 40 mM KOH under 410 nm irradiation (30 mW cm⁻²) and 1 bar N₂ at room temperature (RT). b), c) Consumption of water during photocatalytic nitrobenzene reduction using gCN−OH determined by DRIFT and MS, respectively. d)–f) Titration of evolved H₂O₂ during photocatalytic reductive coupling of nitrobenzene. d) Images of the centrifuged gCN−OH reaction suspensions after dosing CuSO₄ and DMP. e) UV/Vis spectra of the titrated solution. f) Evolution of H₂O₂ using gCN and gCN−OH.