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. 2022 Jul 12;23(14):7706. doi: 10.3390/ijms23147706

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytokine release in BV-2 cells stimulated by TRL (positive control) or TRL carrying oleanolic acid (TRL-OA), α-tocopherol (TRL-AT), β-sitosterol (TRL-BS) or a mixture of the three compounds (TRL-M) for 24 h: (a) Interleukin-1 β (IL-1β); (b) Interleukin-6 (IL-6); (c) Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); Saline (0.9%, pH 7.4) was used as references for calculations. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Different signs indicate significant difference (* p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 vs. saline; # p < 0.05 vs. TRL, ## p < 0.01 vs. TRL, ### p < 0.001 vs. TRL) by one-way ANOVA analysis and Tukey’s post-hoc test.