Immunization with histidine-rich peptide–mRNA formulations results in proliferation of CD8+ OT-I T cells. CD45.1 mice were injected with CTV-labelled CD45.2+ CD8+ OT-I splenocytes, and 2 days later they were immunized with 10 µg of modified mRNA encoding tOVA complexed to either in vivo-jetRNA® (JetRNA), LAH4-L1 (L1 mod), or LAH4-L1R (L1R mod). After 3 days, lymph nodes were harvested, and single-cell suspensions were analyzed by flow cytometry. Gating was performed on viable cells; subsequently, we looked for CTV dilution in the CD45.2+ CD3+ CD8+ T-cell population (a). Percentage of CD3+ CD8+ T-cell proliferation (b). Each symbol represents one mouse; median +/− IQR. Mann–Whitney test: * p < 0.05.