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Effects of xanthatin on release of pro-inflammatory factors: TNF-α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-6 (C). When cells were pre-treated with xanthatin and activated by LPS, the concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in the culture supernatants was tested using an ELISA kit assay. Data is shown as means ± SDs (n = 3). #: significantly different compared to the control (CON) group, *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, as compared to the LPS-induced group.
