Table 2.
Drug encapsulating and sustained release systems based on fibrin and fibrin composite wound repair materials.
| Fibrin-Based Material Description |
Drug Inclusion | Targeted Application |
Sustained Release Experiments |
Animal Models | Clinical Application |
Growth Factors/Cells |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poly(ether)urethane-polydimethylsiloxane/fibrin-based scaffold | Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) | Diabetic skin ulcers | n/a | Male diabetic mice | n/a | Human growth factors | [127] |
| Hyaluronic acid–fibrin hydrogel | Dexamethasone and galectin-3 inhibitor | Inflammatory joint diseases | n/a | Rats (not specified) | n/a | n/a | [128] |
| Commercial fibrin sealant | Erythromycin and cefazolin | Postoperative antibiotic delivery | 120 h release | n/a | n/a | n/a | [129] |
| Fibrin nanoparticles in chitosan | Ciprofloxacin and fluconazole | Polymicrobial wound infections | 30 days release | Female SD rats and pig skin | n/a | n/a | [130] |
| PEGylated fibrin/chitosan gel | Silver sulfadiazine | Burn wounds | 72 h release | n/a | n/a | n/a | [131] |
| Fibrin gel | Doxorubicin | Neuroblastoma | n/a | Female nude mice | n/a | Human LAN5, IMR32Luc+ and SHSY5YLuc+ cells | [132] |
| Fibrin nanoparticles | Ciprofloxacin and fluconazole | Diabetes therapy | 150 h release | n/a | n/a | HDF Cell lines | [133] |
| Fibrin hydrogel | Cyclophosphamide | Unsatisfied cytoreductive surgery | 100 h release | Female C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice | n/a | PD-L1 antibody and Cell line 4T1-luc | [134] |
| Fibrin gel | Plasminogen | Tympanic perforations | 7-day release | Male diabetic mice | n/a | Mouse fibroblast cell line L929 and human keratinocytes HaCaT | [135] |
| Heparin-conjugated fibrin | Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) | Bone regeneration | 30-day release | Sprague Dawley rats | n/a | Carvarial osteoblasts | [136] |
| Hollow fibrin microspheres | Human β nerve growth factor (NGF) | Neuronal dysfunctions | 8-day release | Male Sprague Dawley rats | n/a | Rat mesenchymal stem cells | [137] |
| Fibrin–chitosan gel | Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) | General wound healing | 14-day release | n/a | n/a | BALB/c 3T3 cells | [138] |
| Physiologically clotted fibrin | Gallic acid | Bone tissue engineering | 80 h release | n/a | n/a | MG-63 cells | [139] |
| Autologous platelet-rich fibrin | Vancomycin | Bone tissue engineering | 350 h release | n/a | n/a | n/a | [140] |
| Fibrin gel | Cisplatin and cisplatin–hyaluronate complexes | Tumor growth inhibition | 70 h release | NOD-SCID mice | n/a | Murine B16 melanoma cells and human SK-Mel-28 melanoma cells | [141] |
| Fibrin nanoparticles | Metal nanoparticles | Not specified | n/a | Female balb/c mice | n/a | RAW 264.7 and NIH 3T3 cells | [142] |
| Freeze-dried fibrin | Arbekacin sulfate | Osteomyelitis | 18-day release | Male outbred Wistar rats | n/a | n/a | [143] |
| Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles in fibrin glue | Bupivacaine | Postoperative pain | 35-day release | Female Sprague Dawley rats | n/a | L929 mouse fibroblast cells | [144] |
| Liposomes/chitosan fibrin | Tirofiban | Antithrombosis | 25-day release | n/a | n/a | n/a | [145] |