Table 1.
Summary of known radiolarian predators and occurrence of radiolarians in gut contents.
| Radiolaria group | Predator | Species | Frequency in gut contents |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acantharia (include Acanthometra, Dorataspis, Amphilonche) | Copepod | Canthocalanus pauper a , Pleuromamma robusta, Rhincalanus gigas | 0.04–0.15 |
| Fish | Myctophid b , c | n.a. | |
| Isopod | Acanthamunnopsis milleri c , Munneurycope murrayi c | n.a. | |
| Pteropod | Cuvierina columnella, Hyalaea trispinosa, Tiedemannia sp. | n.a. | |
| Collodaria | Fish | Bathylagus sp. a , Myctophid b , c | n.a. |
| Fish larvae | Anguilla anguilla a | n.a. | |
| Spiny lobster larvae | Panulirus cygnus a | n.a. | |
| Orodaria | Salp | Unidentified species | n.a. |
| Spumellaria (include Actinomma) | Copepod | Scopalatum vorax c | n.a. |
| Pteropod | Cuvierina columnella | n.a. | |
| Taxopodida | Copepod | Aetideopsis antarctica, Calanus propinquus, C. sinicus c , Centropages velificatus c , Euchaeta antarctica, Microcalanus pygmaeus, Paracalanus parvus c , P. quasimodo c , Parvocalanus crassirostris c , Temora stylifera c , T. turbinata c | 0.01–0.39 |
| Ostracod | Conchoecia belgicae | 0.07 | |
| Euphausiid | Euphausia sp. c | n.a. | |
| Radiolaria overall | Amphipod | Cyllopus lucasii, Epimeriella macronyx, Orchomene plebs | 0.03–0.06 |
| Copepod | Aetideopsis antarctica, A. rostrata, Calanus propinquus, C. similimus, C. tenuicornis, Centropages violaceus, Chiridius polaris d , Chiridius sp. d , Chirundina streetsii, Diaxis sp. d , Disseta palumboi, Euchaeta norvegica, E. sp., Euchirella rostromagna, Gaetanus simplex, G. tenuispinus, G. sp., Gaidius affinis, G. columbiae, Haloptilus ocellatus, Heterorhabdus sp. c , Heterostylites major, Lucicutia wolfendeni, Metridia discreta, M. gerlachei c , M. ornata, M. pacifica c , M. princeps, Nannocalanus minor, Neocalanus sp., Neoscolecithrix magna d , Oncaea mediterranea c , Pleuromamma robusta, P. scutullata c , P. xiphias, Pseudochirella polyspina, Rhincalanus gigas, Scaphocalanus subbrevicornis d , S. vervoorti, S. sp. d , Scopalatum sp. d , Scottocalanus securifrons, Spinocalanus abyssalis, S. antarcticus, S. magnus, S. spinosus, S. sp. d , Teneriforma sp. d , Undinella sp. d , Xanthocalanus sp. d , Zenkevitchiella sp. d | 0.01–1 | |
| Decapod | Gennadas valens, Hymenodora glacialis, Nematocarcinus lanceopes, Penaeus semisulcatus, Sergestes grandis, S. henseni, Systellaspis debilis | 0.02–0.33 | |
| Euphausiid | Euphausia crystallorophias, E. superba, Thysanoessa macrura | 0.03–0.46 | |
| Fish | Bathylagus antarctica, Trimmutom sp. | 0.31 | |
| Fish larvae | Anguilla anguilla a , A. japonica a , Clupea harengus pallasi, Etrumeus teres a , Paraliparis dipterus, Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops melanostictus a | n.a. | |
| Isopod | Acanthamunnopsis milleri c , Bathynomus doederleinii, Eurycope inermis, Ilyarachna hitrticeps, Munneurycope murrayi c | 0.02–0.1 | |
| Mysid | Antarctomysis ohlinii | 0.36 | |
| Polychaete | Poebius meseres | n.a. | |
| Pteropod | Tiedemannia sp. | n.a. | |
| Salp | Salpa thompsoni | 0.62 | |
| Tunicate | Dolioletta gegenbauri a | n.a. |
Additional information about location and depths of observation and a complete list of references are provided in Supplementary Information Table S1.
a
Observation from DNA sequences (clone or high‐throughput sequencing).
b
Observation from fish gut contents, where organisms could have been attached to plastic particles.
c
Observation from scanning electron microscopy.
d
Observation from transmission electron microscopy.