Table 2.

Univariate Cox regression for overall survival among patients with brain metastases.

Clinicopathologic Variable	HR	95%CI	p Value
Age (yr)  <60  ≥60	Reference 1.708	1.418–2.057	<0.0001
Race  Black  White  Other	Reference 0.903 0.972	0.693–1.176 0.648–1.458	0.447 0.893
Gender  Female  Male	Reference 1.087	0.911–1.297	0.356
Primary tumor site  RCC  LCC  RC  Unknown	Reference 0.840 0.838 1.236	0.655–1.078 0.671–1.046 0.949–1.611	0.171 0.118 0.116
Histology  Adenocarcinoma  Other	Reference 1.090	0.840–1.414	0.518
Tumor grade   Well/moderately   Poorly/undifferentiated  Unknown	Reference 1.118 1.432	0.884–1.413 1.170–1.751	0.352 <0.0001
T stage  T0/T1  T2  T3  T4  Tx	Reference 1.219 0.886 1.171 1.336	0.721–2.063 0.634–1.237 0.831–1.651 0.988–1.806	0.460 0.476 0.366 0.060
N stage  N0  N1  N2  Nx	Reference 1.006 0.863 1.242	0.801–1.264 0.655–1.137 0.980–1.573	0.958 0.295 0.073
M stage  M1a  M1b  M1x	Reference 1.393 1.349	1.094–1.772 0.959–1.898	0.007 0.086
CEA  Positive  Negative  Unknown	Reference 0.556 1.167	0.406–0.759 0.965–1.410	<0.0001 0.110
Surgery  Non-PTR  PTR	Reference 0.629	0.515–0.768	<0.0001

Abbreviations: PTR, primary tumor resection; RCC, right colon cancer; LCC, left colon cancer; RC, rectal cancer; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.