Table 2.
Summary of CCSCs studies selected for review.
| Author Year | Country | HCC Cohort | Blood (mL) |
Time Collection | Treatment | Enrichment Platform |
Category Technique |
Downstream Methods | CCSC Marker | Clinical Significances | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fan et al., 2011 [34] |
China | 82 | 10 | Preoperative | Surgical resection | DG-FACS | Positive | - | CD90, CD44 |
- | INR, EXR, RFS, OS |
| Liu et al., 2013 [35] |
China | 60 | - | - | - | FACS | Positive | - | ICAM | NS | DFS, OS |
| Guo et al., 2018 [36] |
China | 130 | 5 | Preoperative, Postoperative |
Surgical resection | RosetteSep | Negative | qRT-PCR | EpCAM, CD133, CD90, CK19 | - | TTR, RECUR |
| Wan et al., 2019 [37] |
China | 42 | 10 | Preoperative | - | Labyrinth | Negative, MF |
IF | CD44 | TNM | - |
| Yao et al., 2019 [38] |
China | 10 | 10 | Preoperative, Postoperative |
Surgical resection | RosetteSep | Negative, DG-IC |
RT-LAMP | CD90, CD133 |
Vascular invasion | MET |
| Lei et al., 2021 [31] |
China | 160 | 15 | Preoperative | Surgical resection | CanPatrol | Negative, FT |
FISH | Nanog | Tumor size, BCLC |
ER |
Enrichment platform: DG, density gradient centrifugation; FACS, Fluorescent-activated cell sorting. Categories technique: FT, filtration; IC, immunocapture. IM, immunomagnetic separation; MF, microfluidic. Downstream methods: FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; IF, immunofluorescent staining; RT-LAMP, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Clinical significances: BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer. Outcome: DFS, disease-free survival; ER, early recurrence (risk factor); EXR, extrahepatic recurrence; INR, intrahepatic recurrence; NS, not significant; PFS, progress-free survival; OS, overall survival; RFS, recurrence-free survival; TTR, time to recurrence.