Table 2.

Recent research on the degradation of fibre-reinforced composites.

Year	Type of Material	Type of Degradation	Parameters	Result	Reference
2010	Phosphate glass fibre-reinforced methacrylate-modified oligolactide	Salt solution Tris buffer solution	0.9 wt% NaCl solution at 37 °C Tris buffer solution	pH dropped from 7.26 to 7.11 Tensile strength decreased with the addition of calcium carbonate	[59]
2013	Natural fibre-reinforced polymer matrix composites (using sawdust and wheat flour for fibre and polypropylene for matrix)	Moist soil Water 10% salt solution Sunlight	Material exposed to degradation solution for 15 weeks	Tensile strength decreased from 32.1 MPa to: 29 MPa for wheat flour 26 MPa for sawdust	[60]
2016	Carbon fibre-reinforced polymer strip anode	NaOH solution Simulated pore water solutions	Applied current ampere: 0 mA 0.5 mA 4 mA	Degradation rates at 4 mA were: 12.4 μm/day for NaOH 13.6 μm/day for pore water solution	[61]
2017	Glass fibre-reinforced polymer using isophthalic polyester resin	Seawater	Immersed in artificial seawater and deionised water for 6 months	Glass transition temperature decreased by 2.5% Tensile strength decreased by 13.8% Flexural strength decreased by 9.8%	[62]
2018	Nylon 6-based carbon fibre-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTP) using epoxy resin, polyamide and polycarbonate	Hot steam (at various temperatures)	Temperature and pressure: 120 °C at 198.7 kPa 140 °C at 361.5 kPa 120 °C at 618.2 kPa	Molecular weight decreased Bending strength decreased	[63]
2019	Toray T700 6 k carbon fibre fabric	Acetone	Temperature of 300 °C for 1 h	Resin removal yield (RRY): 31.8% without alkaline and weak Lewis acid 24.4% and 40.3% with alkaline and weak Lewis acid	[64]
2019	Basalt fibre-reinforced epoxy composites	Saltwater	Mass of salt in 1 L of water at 25 °C: 24.53 g of NaCl 4.09 g of Na2SO4 5.2 g of MgCl2 1.16 g of CaCl2	Negligible reduction in static strength (less than 5%) Fatigue life decreased with ageing time	[65]
2020	E-glass fibre with epoxy resin, E-glass fibre with polyester resin, E-glass fibre with vinyl ester resin and glass fibre with polypropylene	Temperature	Temperature dependence of Weibull stress modulus and fibre strength at a certain gauge length was negligible	Tensile strength decreased with an increase in temperature Residual thermal stress decreased with an increase in temperature	[66]
2020	Calotropis gigantea plant fibre-reinforced polymer composites	Water	Immersion conducted for 72 h	Absorption rate increased with an increase in fibre content	[67]
2020	Carbon fibre reinforced polycarbonate	Hot water	Deionised water at 80 °C	Tensile properties decreased rapidly with time after 7 days	[68]
2021	Virgin and pyrolysed carbon fibre	Thermal (using thermogravimetric analysis	Heating rate at 5 and 10 K/min	Pyrolysed carbon fibre degraded at lower temperatures compared to virgin carbon fibre	[69]