Table 1.

Summary of Patient Demographics and History

Characteristics	Group
	Four-flap	PAP	DIEP
	(N = 56)	(N = 31)	(N = 256)
Age at flap procedure
Mean ± SD	50.4 ± 9.3	47.4 ± 10	51.48 ± 9.2
Median (IQR)	49 (45.8–59.0)	46 (41–56)	52 (45–58.3)
BMI for flap procedure*
Mean ± SD	25.8 ± 3.7	24.7 ± 4.1	40 ± 5.6
Median (IQR)	25.4 (23.0–28.9)	24.1 (22.7–25.6)	30.4 (26.63. 34.2)
Race
White	43	22	172
Asian	1	0	5
Black	2	2	33
Hispanic	5	7	37
Other	5	0	9
HTN*
No	49	29	196
Yes	7	2	60
Diabetes
No	55	30	244
Yes	1	1	12
Autoimmune
No	50	30	241
Yes	6	1	15
History of abdominal surgery
No	18	9	75
Yes	38	22	181
History of cosmetic breast surgery*
No	48	28	243
Yes	8	3	13
History of DVT or PE
No	55	28	242
Yes	1	3	14
History of miscarriage
No	55	31	252
Yes	1	0	4
Family history or hematologic diagnosis of hypercoagulability
No	53	29	244
Yes	3	2	12
Prophylactic mastectomy due to genetic mutation
No	47	30	215
Yes	9	1	41
Radiation*
No	25	13	170
Yes	31	18	86
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
No	39	24	184
Yes	17	7	72
Adjuvant chemotherapy
No	46	23	181
Yes	10	8	75
Procedure time cut to closure (min)*
Mean ± SD	530.6 ± 111.5	358.6 ± 188.8	387.2 ± 162.1
Median (IQR)	524 (464.0–611.5)	312 (256.5. 433.5)	364.5 (272.5–450)
Length of stay (d)*
Mean ± SD	3.9 ± 1.2	3 ± 1	3.4 ± 2
Median (IQR)	4 (3–5)	3 (2–3)	3 (2–4)

For categorical variables, P values were obtained using the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test. For continuous variables, P values were obtained using one-way ANOVA or nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test.

*Denotes statistical significance.

ANOVA, analysis of variance; DVT, deep venous thrombosis; HTN, hypertension; PE, pulmonary embolism.