TABLE 1.
Baseline weighted characteristics of the 4318 patients submitted to laparoscopic liver resection at 41 Italian surgical centers between November 2014 and January 2021
| Variable | Weighted values (95%C.I.) | Heterogeneity (I2)* |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.6 (64.0–65.4) | 59.1% |
| Male | 58.2% (55.6–60.7) | 52.3% |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.6 (25.4–25.8) | 58.0% |
| Previous abdominal surgery | 50.7% (46.5–54.9) | 79.1% |
| Hepatic resection | 14.8% (13.3–16.4) | 31.4% |
| Gastrointestinal | 28.0% (24.0–32.3) | 78.3% |
| Cirrhosis | 25.8% (21.0–31.3) | 89.3% |
| Diagnosis | ||
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 37.0% (31.8–42.6) | 88.6% |
| Metastases | 30.9% (26.0–36.2) | 89.9% |
| Benign | 20.5% (18.0–23.3) | 76.9% |
| Cholangiocarcinoma | 7.2% (5.9–8.7) | 53.8% |
| Multiple lesions | 12.5% (10.5–14.8) | 73.5% |
| Diameter of the largest (cm) | 4.1 (3.9–4.2) | 70.9% |
| ≥3 cm | 57.8% (55.2–60.4) | 60.3% |
| Technical complexity† | ||
| Grade I | 70.9% (65.6–75.7) | 89.6% |
| Grade II | 16.7% (14.2–19.6) | 74.7% |
| Grade III | 12.0% (9.5–15.2) | 84.1% |
| Associated intestinal resection | 15.9% (13.0–19.3) | 82.8% |
Values are weighted proportions or weighted means estimated through random effect model. Continuity correction of 0.5 in studies with zero cell frequencies was adopted.
*I2 statistic can be interpreted as follows: values of <25% = low heterogeneity; 25% ‐ 50% = medium, 51% ‐ 75% = substantial and > 75% = considerable heterogeneity.
†Based on Kawaguchi classification as follows: Grade I = wedge resection or left lateral sectionectomy; Grade II = anterolateral segmentectomies or left hepatectomy; Grade III = posterosuperior segmentectomy, right posterior sectionectomy, right hepatectomy, central hepatectomy or extended left/right hepatectomy.