Table 2.
Reported inflammatory biomarkers values and statistical significance in the included studies.
| Study | Years of Age (Mean and Standard Deviation) |
Sex (Male/Female) |
Time Intervals Elapsed from the Onset of SSNHL to Blood Sampling | Diagnostic Value (p < 0.05 SSNHL vs. Control Group) | Prognostic Value (p < 0.05 Good Prognosis vs. Poor Prognosis) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cayir et al. 2020 [17] | 42.29 ± 9.2 | 24/23 | <5 days; blood sampling on the first day of admission, before corticosteroid treatment | CAR; FAR; NLR; PLR; Hgb; WBC | CAR; FAR; NLR; PLR; Hgb; WBC |
| Öçal et al. 2020 [12] | 44.1 ± 14.2 | 24/16 | Admission time | CAR | CAR; NLR |
| Masuda et al. 2012 [19] | 57 ± 15 | 23/20 | <7 days; blood sampling at the first visit, before corticosteroid treatment | TNF-α; CRP; N; L; M; IL-6; NKCA | TNF-α; CRP; N; L; M; IL-6; NKCA |
| Liu et al. 2020 [15] | ND | 41/79 | ND | TNF-α; TLR-4; NFKB | ND |
| Kassner et al. 2011 [13] | 45.4 ± 4.1 | ND | 6–24 h; blood sampling before corticosteroid treatment | TNF-α; CRP; WBC; N; L; E; B; LDL; HDL; CD40 | ND |
| Cadoni et al. 2010 [18] | 50 ± 14 | 19/24 | Admission time | Q10; Cholesterol; LDL; Nervonic acid | ND |
| Yoon and Kim et al. 2019 [20] | 46.91 ± ND | 15/9 | Before corticosteroid treatment | TNF-α; M; CD86 | ND |
| Baradaranfar et al. 2018 [21] | 40.80 ± 13.37 | 26/30 | ND | ESR; Anti CCP; Anti-dsDNA; ANA; C3 and C4; WBC; N; L; E; P; M | ND |
| Svrakic et al. 2012 [22] | 52.51 ± 16.08 | 35/50 | Before corticosteroid treatment | TNF-α | TNF-α |
| Göde et al. 2018 [11] | 47.91 ± 15.73 | 14/0 | Before corticosteroid treatment | CRP; Procalcitonin | CRP; Procalcitonin |
| Demirhan et al. 2013 [23] | 52 ± ND | 13/10 | Before corticosteroid treatment | TNF-α; IL-10; IL-12 | TNF-α; IL-10; IL-12 |
| Guo et al. 2021 [16] | 46.69 ± 16.76 | 80/89 | Before corticosteroid treatment | CRP; CAR; NLR | CRP; CAR; NLR |
| Suslu et al. 2009 [14] | 42 ± ND | 11/19 | ND | ESR; TNF-α; Anti HSP-70; ANA | ESR; TNF-α; Anti HSP-70; ANA |
Legend: Statistically significant markers are in bold. Abbreviations: ANA: antinuclear antibody; Anti CCP: anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide; Anti-dsDNA: Anti-double stranded DNA Antibodies; Anti HSP-70: Anti-Heat shock protein 70; B: B lymphocytes; C3: complement component 3; C4: complement component 4; CAR: C-reactive protein/albumin ratio; CD40: cluster of differentiation 40; CD86 cluster of differentiation 86; CRP: C- reactive protein; E: eosinophil; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FAR: fibrinogen/albumin ratio; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; Hgb: Hemoglobin; IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-10: Interleukin-10; IL-12: Interleukin-12; L: lymphocyte; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; M: monocyte; N: neutrophil; ND: No Data; NKCA: natural killer cell activity; NFKB: nuclear factor kappa-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells; Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) [11,15,16]; P: platelets; PLR: Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio; Q10: Coenzyme Q10; TLR-4: Toll like receptor-4; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor; WBC: white blood cells.