F. prausnitzii treatment prevented hepatic steatohepatitis and liver injury in NAFLD mice. (A) Serum ALT content; (B) Serum AST content; (C) Liver index; (D) Representative H&E and Oil red O stains of liver sections (scale bars represent 20 and 50 μm for 400× and 200×, respectively), black arrow indicates lipid droplet, steatosis, and cytoplasmic vacuoles, and red arrow indicates lobular inflammation; (E) Steatosis grade; (F) Inflammation grade; (G) Quantification of Oil red O stained liver lipid droplets in (D); (H–K) Hepatic TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MDA levels in different groups; (L,M) Hepatic GSH-PX and SOD activities in different groups. Data are shown as means with SD; ## p < 0.01 vs. NC group, unpaired Student’s t-test; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. HFD group, one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test.