TABLE 2.
Participants' characteristics at baseline
| Treated with PR | Treated with MTA apical plug (due to no bleeding) | |
|---|---|---|
| N | 56 (74.7%) | 19 (25.3%) |
| Age means in years | 10.4 ± 2.8 (range 6–22) | 9.5 ± 1.5 (range 7–11) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 36 (64.3%) | 9 (47.4%) |
| Female | 20 (35.7%) | 10 (52.6%) |
| Tooth number | ||
| 11 | 23 (41.1%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| 12 | 4 (7.1%) | 0 (0%) |
| 21 | 24 (42.9%) | 10 (47.4%) |
| 22 | 4 (7.1%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| 31 | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| 32 | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) |
| Trauma type | ||
| Concussion | 5 (8.9%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Subluxation | 6 (10.7%) | 3 (15.8%) |
| Lateral luxation | 24 (42.9%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Intrusion | 4 (7.1%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Avulsion | 10 (17.9%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Enamel‐dentin fracture | 39 (69.6%) | 16 (84.2%) |
| Combination trauma | 35 (62.5%) | 9 (47.4%) |
| Unknown | 3 (5.4%) | 0 (0%) |
| Bone diagnosis at baseline | ||
| Healthy periapical tissues | 6 (10.7%) | 0 (0%) |
| Apical periodontitis | 50 (89.3%) | 19 (100%) |
| Pre‐operative sinus tract | 24 (42.9%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Pulp diagnosis | ||
| Pulp necrosis | 56 (100%) | 19 (100%) |
| Pre‐operative root development stage | ||
| Stage 2 | 4 (7.1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Stage 3 | 19 (33.9%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Stage 4 | 29 (51.8%) | 8 (42.1%) |
| Stage 5 | 5 (8.9%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| Stage 6 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Pre‐operative root development stage (mean; ±SD) | 3, 38 (0.75) | [1.88; 4.88] |
| Pre‐operative root resorption | 21 (37.5%) | 3 (15.8%) |
| Pre‐operative symptoms | ||
| Yes | 20 (35.7%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| No | 36 (64.3%) | 17 (89.5%) |
| Pre‐operative crown discoloration | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Pre‐operative PAI | ||
| Score 1 and 2 | 9 (16.1%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Score 3 | 15 (26.8%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Score 4 | 16 (28.6%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Score 5 | 16 (28.6%) | 7 (36.8%) |
| Pre‐operative root length (mean; ±SD) | 11.5 (2.15) | [6.9; 16.2] |
| Pre‐operative root width (mean; ±SD) | 2.53 (1.32) | [1.1; 6.5] |
| Total number of teeth | 75 | |