Figure 1.

Algorithm of representative rheumatological disorders. This figure shows an algorithm created using the published literature that includes most rheumatological disorders. The algorithm is divided into six big categories as systemic and localized (both with autoantibodies), one group secondary to hypersensitivity, another large group of diseases of unknown etiology (with or without autoantibodies) which mainly involve spondyloarthropathies and vasculitides (34), one group of genetic origin and finally a group of other sub-groups of disorders such as those related to neoplasias, infectious and metabolic diseases. By looking at the algorithm, it is comprehensive that one general review paper could not go into detail for each component. Therefore, we chose to describe the most frequent diseases with known cardiovascular involvement from the systemic with autoantibodies groups, such as those underlined ones—one representative illness of the group of spondyloarthropathies and one from the group of vasculitides. Finally, one infrequent, maybe underdiagnosed disease such as the DRESS syndrome from the group of diseases secondary to hypersensitivity. SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; APS, antiphospholipid syndrome; SSc, systemic sclerosis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; DM, diabetes mellitus; TA, Takayasu arteritis; GCA, giant cell arteritis; PAN, polyarteritis nodosa; KD, Kawasaki disease; ANCA AAV, Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AVV); MPA, microscopic polyangiitis; EGPA, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome); GPA, granulomaotsis with polyangiitis (Wegener's); SVV, small vessel vasculitis; CV, cryoglobulinemic vasculitis; IgAV, IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein); HUV, hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (anti-C1q vasculitis); CS, Cogan's syndrome; BS, Behcet's syndrome.