Table 8.
CMR offerings to the EGPA.
| Pathophysiology | CMR offer | Sequences |
|---|---|---|
| What has CMR to offer in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis? | ||
| Myocarditis | Identification and quantification. Follow up free of radiation. |
T2-W-STIR T1, T2-mapping, ECV LGE-PSIR |
| Pericarditis | Identification. Measurement of pericardial thickness. Detection of inflammation. Detection of constriction. Follow up free of radiation. |
Cine—SSFP Free-breathing real-time cine T1-W, T2-W STIR LGE-PSIR |
| Arrhythmias | Substrate identification, location, and quantification. Prognostic information. Follow up free of radiation. |
T1, T2-mapping, ECV LGE-PSIR |
| Valvular heart disease | Assessment of hemodynamic significance. Reproducible follow-up. |
Cine—SSFP, cine-FGE PhC, 4D-flow |
| Intracoronary thrombosis | Coronary arteries—atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and vasospasm. | Cine SSFP, Stress FPP LGE-PSIR, MR coronary angiography |
| Microvascular dysfunction | Stress FPP LGE-PSIR |
|
| Coronary arteritis | Inflammation and thrombosis. | Cine SSFP, Stress FPP LGE-PSIR, MR coronary angiography. T1-W, T2-W, T2-STIR. |
| Microvascular dysfunction | Stress FPP LGE-PSIR |
|
| LV dysfunction | The gold standard for LV function | Cine—SSFP Strain, diffusion tensor |
| RV dysfunction | The gold standard for RV function | Cine—SSFP Strain |
| Heart failure | Systolic: The gold standard for RV and LV function. Fibrosis pattern, location, severity, and quantification. Follow up free of radiation. Prognostic information. |
Cine—SSFP Strain, diffusion tensor T1, T2 mapping, ECV LGE-PSIR |
| Diastolic | PhC T1, T2 mapping, ECV LGE-PSIR |
|
| Coronary vasospasm | Vasospasm and myocardial ischemia. | Cine SSFP, Stress FPP LGE-PSIR, MR coronary angiography. Stress FPP LGE-PSIR |
| Peripheral venous thrombosis | Thrombus identification in different organs and vascular territories in the same study.* | T1-W, T2-W, PD, T2-STIR, SSFP, FGE, TOF, PhC, 4D-flow. |
*
Except for extremities and the brain since those require a dedicated venous MR study of each location.
SSFP, steady-state free precession; T1-W, T1-weighted; T2-W, T2-weighted; ECV, extracellular volume; T2W-STIR, T2 weighted short-tau inversion recovery; FPP, first-pass perfusion; FGE, fast gradient echo; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; PSIR, phase-sensitive inversion recovery; MR, magnetic resonance; PD, proton density; TOF, time of flight.