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. 2022 Jul 22;17:3163–3176. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S363827

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© 2022 Ji et al.

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Digital image of E. coli (A) and S. aureus (C) clones on an AGAR plate after exposure; reproduced from Xu Z, Xu Z, Feng X, Xu D, Liang J, Xu H. Recent advances in the biotechnological production of microbial poly(ɛ-L-lysine) and understanding of its biosynthetic mechanism. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016;100(15):6619–6630. Copyright 2016, Springer Nature.⁷³ Red circles indicate bacterial clones killed by hydrogel. In the presence of blank LB medium, G-PAGL-0, G-PAGL-I, G-PAGL-II, G-PAGL-III and G-PAGL-IV, the growth curves of (B) Escherichia coli and (D) Staphylococcus aureus varied with culture time.