TABLE 2.
Clinical trials in lung organoids: List of the clinical trials using 3D LOs as in vitro models.
| Disease | Model | Source of the cells | Purpose of the study | ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung cancer | Spheroids | Lung tumor biopsies | Characterization of the consistency and accuracy of the organoids derived from patient lung biopsies to predict clinical response to the chemotherapy | NCT03979170 |
| Patient-derived LOs | ||||
| 3D model OncoCilAir™ (OncoTheis) | ||||
| Lung cancer | Patient-derived normal and cancer LOs | Biopsies from endobronchial tumors or lymph nodes | Biobanking of normal and primary lung cancer organoids. Analysis of microvesicles secreted by lung cancer cells in organoid-derived culture supernatants and patient blood samples. Comparison of the response to the drugs in normal and cancer LOs | NCT05092009 |
| Blood samples | ||||
| Lung cancer | Patient-derived organoids | Tumor tissue biopsies | Comparison of the xenografts with donor tissue. Testing novel anti-cancer treatment. Developing assays to predict tumor response to the drug | NCT04859166 |
| Xenografts | ||||
| CF | Organoids derived from the tissue of patients with the R334W-CFTR mutation | Rectal biopsies | Study of the response of organoids to CFTR modulators, which will be compared to the patients’ response to the same drug in the next study | NCT04254705 |
| Lung cancer | Patient-derived LOs | Lung tumor biopsies | Biobanking of organoids derived from stage I–IV lung cancer patients | NCT03655015 |
| Lung cancer | Patient-derived LOs | Non-small cell lung cancer patient biopsies | Use of organoids for the drug sensitivity testing and comparison with clinical treatment data | NCT03453307 |
| COPD and IPF | Patient-derived LOs | Lung tissue biopsies from patients with emphysema or pulmonary fibrosis | Characterization of the stem cell niche in different tissues (healthy, emphysematous and fibrotic pulmonary tissue). Further use of the organoids for drug screening and personalized medicine | NCT02705144 |
| Lung cancer | Patient-derived LOs | Non-small cell lung cancer patient biopsies | Testing of different drugs in vitro using organoids. Evaluation of the responders to Osimertinib and screening of alternative therapies for non-responders in vitro | NCT05136014 |
| Lung cancer | Patient-derived LOs | Tumor biopsies | Use of organoids and a microfluidic system as an innovative model of the tumor microenvironment and HUVECS or endothelial cells as a model of tumor vascularization, to create a tool for personalized medicine | NCT04826913 |
| Microfluidic system | Blood samples | |||
| Lung cancer | Patient-derived organoids from lung tumors or other solid tumors | Lung cancer tissue or solid tumor biopsies | Co-cultivation of organoids with lymphocytes to screen for tumor-responsive T-cells, which will be further expanded and used as immunotherapy for the patient | NCT03778814 |
| TILs or/and peripheral T-cells | ||||
| CF | Patient-derived organoids | Not specified | Use of an ex vivo organoid model to establish the correlation between the clinical response of CF patients to Vx-770 (Ivacaftor) | NCT03390985 |
Used abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CF, cystic fibrosis; IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; LOs, lung organoids; 3D, three-dimensional; CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.