Table 3.
Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) from logistic regression predicting obesity (N = 6,969).
|
Model 1 |
Model 2 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio | 95 % CI | Odds Ratio | 95 % CI | |||||
| Food insecurity status (ref: food secure) | ||||||||
| Food insecure | 1.25 | * | 1.03 | 1.52 | 1.22 | † | 0.98 | 1.51 |
| Food environment (ref: healthy food environment) | ||||||||
| Poor food environment | 1.10 | 0.96 | 1.27 | 1.09 | 0.93 | 1.27 | ||
| Food insecurity X Food environment | 1.09 | 0.74 | 1.6 | |||||
| Age (in years; range: 52–100) | 0.96 | *** | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.96 | *** | 0.95 | 0.96 |
| Sex (ref: male) | ||||||||
| Female | 1.06 | 0.93 | 1.22 | 1.06 | 0.93 | 1.22 | ||
| Race/Ethnicity (ref: white/other, non-Hispanic) | ||||||||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 1.48 | *** | 1.23 | 1.77 | 1.48 | *** | 1.23 | 1.77 |
| Hispanic | 1.13 | 0.89 | 1.44 | 1.13 | 0.89 | 1.44 | ||
| Marital Status (ref: married/partnered) | ||||||||
| Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 0.93 | 0.8 | 1.09 | 0.93 | 0.8 | 1.09 | ||
| Never married | 1.06 | 0.79 | 1.43 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 1.43 | ||
| Education (ref: less than high school) | ||||||||
| High school education | 1.07 | 0.88 | 1.32 | 1.07 | 0.88 | 1.32 | ||
| More than high school | 0.96 | 0.78 | 1.19 | 0.96 | 0.78 | 1.19 | ||
| Household poverty (ref: not in poverty) | ||||||||
| In poverty | 0.93 | 0.74 | 1.18 | 0.93 | 0.74 | 1.18 | ||
| Household assets (in 1,000 dollars; range: −42.8–21514) | 1.00 | † | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | † | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| SNAP enrollment status (ref: not enrolled) | ||||||||
| Enrolled | 0.91 | 0.71 | 1.16 | 0.91 | 0.71 | 1.16 | ||
| Self-rated health (range: 0–4 better health) | 0.74 | *** | 0.69 | 0.79 | 0.74 | *** | 0.69 | 0.79 |
| Cognitive function (range: 0–20 better cognitive function) | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.04 | ||
| Physical Activity (ref: physically inactive) | ||||||||
| Physically active | 0.68 | *** | 0.57 | 0.81 | 0.68 | *** | 0.57 | 0.81 |
| Smoking status (ref: never smoked) | ||||||||
| Former smoker | 1.17 | * | 1.02 | 1.34 | 1.16 | * | 1.02 | 1.34 |
| Current smoker | 0.41 | *** | 0.33 | 0.52 | 0.41 | *** | 0.33 | 0.52 |
| HEI-2015 (range: 0–100 better quality diet) | 0.99 | ** | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | ** | 0.99 | 1.00 |
†p <.10, *p <.05, **p <.01, ***p <.001.
HEI = Healthy Eating Index.
Note. Model 1 tested the independent association of food insecurity and food environment with obesity. In Model 2, the interaction term, food insecurity X food environment, was introduced.