Table 5.

| Lower levels of cytophilic IgG to malaria antigens in infant born to women with PM and during active malaria.

Antibody level	Pf infection			PM			Interaction Pf infection*PM
	Coefficient	p value	95% CI	Coefficient	p value	95% CI	Coefficient	p value	95% CI
IgG1 to AMA1	0.85**	0,001	[0.338,1.360]	0.84**	0,003	[0.286,1.399]	-1,15	0,050	[-2.295,0.002]
IgG2 to AMA1	-0,11	0,238	[-0.293,0.073]	-0.22*	0,043	[-0.423,-0.007]	0,22	0,281	[-0.184,0.633]
IgG3 to AMA1	0.30***	<0.001	[0.162,0.446]	0.22**	0,005	[0.068,0.380]	-0.38*	0,019	[-0.703,-0.064]
IgM to AMA1	0,02	0,918	[-0.359,0.399]	0,17	0,479	[-0.300,0.640]	-0,48	0,393	[-1.590,0.624]
IgG1 to MSP1	1.37***	<0.001	[0.663,2.083]	-0,22	0,571	[-0.974,0.537]	-1,55	0,059	[-3.157,0.058]
IgG2 to MSP1	-0,01	0,938	[-0.153,0.141]	-0,14	0,124	[-0.311,0.038]	0,14	0,390	[-0.183,0.469]
IgG3 to MSP1	0,33	0,161	[-0.129,0.779]	-0,01	0,971	[-0.600,0.578]	0,01	0,990	[-1.365,1.382]
IgM to MSP1	-0,32	0,079	[-0.676,0.038]	0,04	0,847	[-0.327,0.399]	0,50	0,231	[-0.316,1.312]
IgG1 to MSP2-3D7	0.58*	0,022	[0.085,1.070]	-0,27	0,336	[-0.819,0.279]	0,09	0,878	[-1.018,1.191]
IgG2 to MSP2-3D7	0.17***	<0.001	[0.083,0.254]	0,06	0,257	[-0.047,0.177]	-0.29*	0,027	[-0.556,-0.033]
IgG3 to MSP2-3D7	1.91***	<0.001	[1.111,2.700]	0,45	0,290	[-0.384,1.284]	-2.06*	0,025	[-3.864,-0.258]
IgM to MSP2-3D7	0,26	0,35	[-0.289,0.816]	0,32	0,270	[-0.245,0.879]	0,32	0,617	[-0.939,1.582]
IgG1 to MSP2-FC27	0.54***	<0.001	[0.352,0.721]	0.21*	0,047	[0.003,0.418]	-0.79***	<0.001	[-1.201,-0.375]
IgG2 to MSP2-FC27	0,03	0,379	[-0.041,0.107]	0,10	0,131	[-0.030,0.235]	-0.33*	0,032	[-0.633,-0.028]
IgG3 to MSP2-FC27	2.19***	<0.001	[1.532,2.855]	0,15	0,671	[-0.554,0.861]	-1.60*	0,037	[-3.091,-0.100]
IgM to MSP2-FC27	0,19	0,571	[-0.465,0.843]	0,33	0,328	[-0.335,1.003]	0,08	0,916	[-1.412,1.572]
IgG1 to MSP3	0.12**	0,004	[0.038,0.197]	0,07	0,062	[-0.004,0.147]	-0.24**	0,006	[-0.402,-0.069]
IgG2 to MSP3	0,01	0,556	[-0.010,0.018]	0,01	0,472	[-0.013,0.028]	0,02	0,194	[-0.010,0.048]
IgG3 to MSP3	0.30***	<0.001	[0.162,0.439]	0,08	0,195	[-0.043,0.213]	-0,19	0,199	[-0.480,0.100]
IgM to MSP3	-0,03	0,482	[-0.105,0.049]	-0,03	0,392	[-0.112,0.044]	0,03	0,724	[-0.131,0.188]
IgG1 to GLURP-R0	0.25*	0,025	[0.031,0.460]	0,1	0,387	[-0.128,0.331]	-0,03	0,897	[-0.470,0.411]
IgG2 to GLURP-R0	0,03	0,492	[-0.058,0.121]	0,12	0,119	[-0.031,0.273]	0,04	0,704	[-0.149,0.220]
IgG3 to GLURP-R0	0.17**	0,003	[0.058,0.282]	0,01	0,992	[-0.106,0.105]	-0,01	0,963	[-0.240,0.229]
IgM to GLURP-R0	0.37*	0,012	[0.083,0.666]	0.38**	0,007	[0.105,0.661]	-0,46	0,138	[-1.067,0.148]
IgG1 to GLURP-R2	0.56***	0,001	[0.245,0.878]	-0,04	0,815	[-0.331,0.260]	-0,13	0,709	[-0.790,0.537]
IgG2 to GLURP-R2	0,09	0,174	[-0.039,0.216]	0,09	0,149	[-0.032,0.213]	0,11	0,408	[-0.153,0.377]
IgG3 to GLURP-R2	0.13***	0,001	[0.056,0.214]	-0,01	0,694	[-0.084,0.056]	0,12	0,177	[-0.053,0.285]
IgM to GLURP-R2	0.33*	0,039	[0.016,0.648]	0,02	0,903	[-0.315,0.357]	-0,02	0,944	[-0.674,0.627]

Multivariate mixed analysis was performed to assess the association between the levels of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgM specific for seven malaria antigens and active malaria or placental malaria. An interaction term was added to the analysis to test this association in infant born from women with PM that have an active malaria infection at blood draw. The models were adjusted on age, gender, birth weight, maternity, ethnicity, maternal anemia, maternal IPTp and spatiotemporal malaria exposure risk. PM, Placental malaria; Pf, Plasmodium falciparum; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; *p value <0.05, **p value <0.01, ***p value <0.001. Significant differences are marked in bold (p<0.05).