Table 1.

Result of univariable logistic regression analysis showing significant variables on the cut-off value of p ≤ 0.15.

Variables	Category	Cases (n = 51)	Control (n = 51)	Odds Ratio	95% CI	p-Value
Farm and flock characteristics
Median flock size	>2000	29	18	2.417	1.088–5.368	0.0302
	≤2000	22	33
Distance from the main road	≤0.5 km	22	12	2.465	1.052–5.779	0.0379
	>0.5 km	29	39
Distance from nearest infected farm	≤1 km	20	1	32.258	4.121–252.523	0.0009
	>1 km	31	50
History of IBD in the flock	Yes	11	3	4.400	1.148–16.867	0.0307
	No	40	48
Farm management and biosecurity
Fumigation	Yes	8	14	0.492	0.186–1.302	0.1530
	No	43	37
Sharing of farm instruments or feed	Yes	9	3	3.429	0.871–13.502	0.0781
	No	42	48
Use of apron or separate cloth inside the shed	Yes	7	22	0.210	0.079–0.554	0.0016
	No	44	29
Use of boots or separate slippers	Yes	34	44	0.318	0.119–0.854	0.0230
	No	17	7
Visitors allowed inside poultry shed	Yes	25	13	2.810	1.219–6.480	0.0153
	No	26	38
Wild birds coming around the farm	Yes	32	13	4.923	2.109–11.493	0.0002
	No	19	38
Farm biosecurity sign	Yes	2	8	0.219	0.044–1.090	0.0636
	No	49	43