. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 27.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Nov 2;78(18):1817–1830. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.08.051

TABLE 1.

Triglyceride-Rich Remnants Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Study Association (Ref. #)	Sample Size	Fasting Status	Measurement	Outcome	HR (95% CI) Adjusted Risk
CGS, CCHS, CIHS (13)	75,513	Nonfasting	TC-LDL-C-HDL-C	Ischemic heart disease	2.3 (1.7-3.1) for highest vs lowest quintile
CGS (6)	106,213	Nonfasting	TC-LDL-C-HDL-C	MI	Normal weight: 2.0 (1.3-3.2) Overweight: 1.9 (1.4-2.6) Obese: 2.3 (1.4-3.5); for highest vs lowest quartile
CGS (11)	102,964	Nonfasting	TC-LDL-C-HDL-C	Ischemic stroke	1.99 (1.49-2.67) for highest vs lowest quartile
PREDIMED (12)	6,901	Overnight fast	TC-LDL-C-HDL-C	Cardiovascular event (MI, ischemic stroke, CVD death)	1.83 (1.30-2.58) highest (>30.95 mg/dL) vs lowest quartile (<17.5 mg/dL)
Women’s Health Study (13,16)	480 cases, 496 controls	Nonfasting	TRL cholesterol	Cardiovascular events (MI, ischemic stroke, PAD, CVD death)	1.87 (1.14-3.06)

CCHS = Copenhagen Community Health Study; CGS = Copenhagen General Study; CI = confidence interval; CIHS = Copenhagen Ischemic Heart Study; CVD = cardiovascular disease; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HR = hazard ratio; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI = myocardial infarction; PAD = peripheral artery disease; PREDIMED = Prevencion con Dieta Mediteranea; TC = total cholesterol; TRLC = triglyceride-rich lipoprotein cholesterol.