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. 2022 Jul 24;14(1):2104089. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2104089

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — Disruption of gut microbiota impairs synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis(a) Golgi staining was used to visualize apical dendritic processes in the dorsal DG (dDG), the mature-appearing spine (mushroom spine) decreased following disruption of gut microbiota. N = 3/group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, unpaired two-tailed t-test, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns: no significance. (b) The representative micrographs and quantitative analysis of the cells positive for EdU and DCX in the dorsal hippocampus. N = 3/group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, unpaired two-tailed t-test, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. (c) Gut dysbiosis impaired LTP in antibiotic-treated mice, The time course and extent of LTP induction following HFS were shown. N = 9/group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, unpaired two-tailed t-test, ***P < 0.001.