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. 2016 Nov 3;25(3):488–500. doi: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.07.010

Table 2.

Effect of solvent type and concentration on the phenolic compounds profile in kinnow peel.

Phenolic compounds (μg/g)	Methanol			Ethanol

	100%	80%	50%	100%	80%	50%
Gallic acid	37.86 ± 1.03^c	39.54 ± 1.29^c	48.05 ± 0.71^b	12.02 ± 0.44^e	54.13 ± 1.12^a	25.60 ± 0.70^d
Chlorogenic acid	18.48 ± 0.41^b	12.91 ± 0.47^d	22.48 ± 0.85^a	17.25 ± 0.64^b,c	20.52 ± 0.82^a,b	15.86 ± 0.42^c
Ferulic acid	50.16 ± 0.75^d	88.41 ± 0.86^b	102.13 ± 1.51^a	22.37 ± 0.94^f	65.21 ± 1.16^c	42.56 ± 1.05^e
Coumaric acid	17.12 ± 0.34^b,c	11.23 ± 0.50^d	22.51 ± 0.61^a	15.93 ± 1.04^c	27.29 ± 0.44^f	20.18 ± 0.35^a,b
Caffeic acid	1.28 ± 0.38^b	N.D.	N.D.	N.D.	2.43 ± 0.30^a	N.D.
Catechins	26.24 ± 0.93^d	32.06 ± 0.44^c	37.89 ± 0.54^b	18.54 ± 0.49^e	49.46 ± 1.03^a	36.42 ± 0.88^b
Epicatechins	20.54 ± 0.53^a	17.25 ± 0.63^a,b	14.46 ± 0.33^b	N.D.	18.62 ± 0.54^a	7.73 ± 0.60^c
Hesperidin	44.38 ± 1.08^f	52.14 ± 1.22^e	61.02 ± 1.17^d	75.66 ± 1.67^c	92.94 ± 1.23^a	84.41 ± 1.01^b
Naringenin	1.97 ± 0.37^b	N.D.	3.74 ± 0.45^a	N.D.	N.D.	2.52 ± 0.28^b
Quercetin	18.44 ± 0.65^d	29.78 ± 0.86^a	25.71 ± 0.80^b,c	16.98 ± 0.39^d	23.71 ± 0.50^c	26.98 ± 0.65^b
Kaempferol	12.52 ± 0.32^b	13.87 ± 0.54^a,b	12.18 ± 0.39^b	N.D.	16.85 ± 0.41^a	14.26 ± 0.66^a,b
Total	248.99 ± 5.04^c	297.19 ± 2.64^b	350.17 ± 4.47^a	178.75 ± 2.12^d	371.16 ± 6.79^a	276.52 ± 5.26^b,c

All values are the mean of three replications.

Means followed by same letters do not differ significantly (p < 0.05).

Different superscript letters within same row denote significant difference (p < 0.05).

N.D. = not detected.

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