Table 2. Multivariable analyses for severe clinical indicators and reported symptoms among HCWs who died of COVID-19 compared with HCW nondeaths, United States, January 1, 2020–October 12, 2021*.
| Variables | HCW deaths, no. (%) | Control 1: HCW nondeaths |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | OR (95% CI)† | ||
| Total numbers |
1,469 |
438,575 |
|
| Hospitalized | 1,152 (83.84) | 18,018 (5.20) | 56.22 (47.40–66.70) |
| Admitted to ICU | 663 (77.00) | 1,530 (1.51) | 102.51 (83.53–125.82) |
| Had pneumonia | 281 (64.75) | 4,363 (3.13) | 30.97 (24.53–39.10) |
| Abnormal radiograph | 207 (69.93) | 2,647 (3.73) | 28.75 (21.51–38.41) |
| Acute respiratory disease symptoms | 138 (46.62) | 1,120 (0.83) | 61.96 (46.60–82.38) |
| MV intubation | 296 (58.04) | 306 (0.29) | 230.94 (178.10–299.45) |
| Fever | 305 (66.02) | 57,293 (36.50) | 3.11 (2.50–3.86) |
| Subjective fever | 169 (52.98) | 57,236 (37.68) | 1.75 (1.37–2.23) |
| Chills | 217 (48.98) | 73,019 (42.77) | 1.10 (0.90–1.35) |
| Myalgia | 245 (53.38) | 106,971 (59.10) | 0.88 (0.72–1.08) |
| Running nose | 69 (30.67) | 63,003 (51.99) | 0.51 (0.37–0.71) |
| Sore throat | 106 (25.00) | 72,053 (41.11) | 0.65 (0.51–0.83) |
| Cough | 440 (78.15) | 124,345 (66.30) | 1.65 (1.33–2.06) |
| Dyspnea, shortness of breath | 399 (70.74) | 51,547 (30.04) | 6.06 (4.95–7.41) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 127 (27.73) | 39,179 (23.04) | 1.49 (1.19–1.87) |
| Headache | 195 (43.82) | 121,960 (66.47) | 0.50 (0.41–0.62) |
| Abdominal pain | 47 (12.95) | 17,180 (12.49) | 1.03 (0.73–1.45) |
| Diarrhea | 171 (37.58) | 48,559 (28.68) | 1.47 (1.20–1.82) |
| Underlying medical conditions | 627 (88.31) | 93,519 (43.94) | 6.44 (4.95–8.39) |
*The ORs in this table controlled for sex, age group, race, ethnicity, dominant periods of SARS-CoV-2 variants, and vaccination starting time. HCW, healthcare worker; ICU, intensive care unit; MV, mechanical ventilation; OR, odds ratio. †Comparison of HCW deaths vs. HCW nondeaths (control 1).